Çocuklarda Covıd-19 Enfeksiyonu

Koronavirüs 2019 hastalığı (COVID-19) etkeni olan SARSCoV-2 yüksek düzeyde enfeksiyöz bir patojen olup, insandan insana direk temas yoluyla bulaşmaktadır. Tüm yaş grupları virüse duyarlıdır. 2019 yılı Aralık ayında Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Wuhan Eyaletinde ortaya çıkmış, insandan insana hızla yayılarak global bir pandemiye dönüşmüştür. COVID-19 çocuklarda daha az sıklıkta görülür. Hastalığın prognozu erişkin vakalara göre daha iyi , mortalitesi düşüktür. Toplumdaki viral bulaştırıcılıkta çoğu asemptomatik olan çocuk vakalar önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çocuklarda bulaşın en yaygın nedeni aile içi temastır. COVID-19 klinik olarak çocuklarda genellikle asemptomatik olmakla beraber ateş, halsizlik, kuru öksürük, boğaz ağrısı, burun akıntısı, burun tıkanıklığı gibi üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulguları şeklinde de görülebilir. Eşlik eden kronik hastalıklar ve immün yetmezlik varlığında hastalık ağır seyredebilmektedir. Çocukların fiziksel, bilişsel, sosyal ve dil gelişimlerini henüz tamamlanmamış olmaları ve ebeveynlerin bu süreçte yaşadıklarını çocuklarına yansıtmış olmaları nedenleriyle pandemi sürecinde erişkinlerden daha fazla zarar görme ihtimalleri vardır. Bu nedenle çocuklar; ileriki gelişim süreçlerinde yaşayabilecekleri olumsuzlukların engellenmesi adına bu dönemde psikolojik destek sunulması gereken özel yaş grubudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVİD-19, çocuk, koronavirüs enfeksiyonları

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