Fatih BAL, Üçler KISA, Devrim TUĞLU, Ercan YUVANC, Erdal YILMAZ, Pınar ATASOY, Ertan BATİSLAM

Ratlarda Sistemik Pirasetam Tedavisinin Testis Torsiyon/Detorsiyon Hasarında Koruyucu Etkileri: Doz Bağımlı Çalışma

Amaç: Çalışmamızda amacımız, testiste iskemi/reperfüsyon (I/R) etkisi ile oluşan oksidatif hasar üzerine pirasetamın koruyucu etkilerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ratlar rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1= sham (kontrol), Grup 2=I/R (iskemi/reperfüsyon), Grup 3=I/R+pirasetam (250 mg/kg; i.p.) ve Grup 4=I/R+pirasetam (500 mg/kg; i.p.). Pirasetam intraperitoneal yolla testis torsiyonunu takiben 60. dakikada verilmiştir. Her 4 grupta işlemin başlangıcından 6 saat sonra ipsilateral sol testis ve kontralateral sağ testisler çıkarılmıştır. Bulgular: Pirasetam uygulaması total antioksidan kapasiteyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde arttırırken, oksidatif stres indeks oranını da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde azaltmıştır. İpsilateral ve kontralateral testis grupları arasında Johnsen skorlama sistemine göre istatistiksel farklılık saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Pirasetam uygulaması, testislerde iskemi reperfüzyon ile oluşan oksidatif hasarı antioksidan kapasiteyi arttırarak ve oksidatif stres skorlarını düşürerek azaltmıştır; ancak, histopatolojik incelemede ve spermatogenes skorlarında bir değişime neden olmamıştır.

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SYSTEMIC PIRACETAM TREATMENT ON TESTICULAR TORSION/DETORSION DAMAGE IN RATS: A DOSE-RESPONSE STUDY

PDF

___

1. Williamson RC. The continuing conundrum of testicular torsion. Br J Surg. 1985; 72: 509-10.
2. Beheshtian A, Salmasi AH, Payabvash S, et al. Protective effects of sildenafil administration on testicular torsion/detorsion damage in rats. World J Urol. 2008; 26: 197-202.
3. Gukasov VM, Rasulov MM, Efuni SN, Kaplan EIa, Smiriagina VI. Characteristics of the antihypoxic action of piracetam. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1987; 103: 683-5.
4. Tortiglione A, Minale M, Pignataro G, Amoroso S, DiRenzo G, Annunziato L. The 2- oxopyrrolidinacetamide piracetam reduces infarct brain volume induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in male rats. Neuropharmacology. 2002; 43: 427-33.
5. Rauca C, Jantze H, Krug M. Does fucose or piracetam modify the effect of hypoxia preconditioning against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures? Brain Res. 2000; 13; 187-90.
6. Hanon E, Klitgaard H. Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia. Seizure. 2001; 10(4): 287-93.
7. Ricci S, Celani MG, Cantisani TA, Righetti E. Piracetam in acute stroke: a systematic review. J Neurol. 2000; 247(4): 263-6.
8. Johnsen SG. Testicular biopsy score count-a method for registration of spermatogenesis in human testes: normal values and results of 335 hypogonadal males. Hormones. 1970; 1: 2-25.
9. Erel O. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clin Biochem. 2004; 37: 112-9.
10. Erel O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem. 2005; 38: 1103-11.
11. Lysiak JJ, Zheng S, Woodson R, Turner TT. Caspase 9 dependent pathway to murine germ cell apoptosis: Mediation by oxidative stress, BAX, and caspase 2. Cell Tissue Res. 2007; 328: 411-49.
12. Guimaraes SB, Aragao AA, Santos JM, Kimura Ode S, Barbosa PH, Vasconcelos PR. Oxidative stress induced by torsion of the spermatic cord in young rats. Acta Cir Bras. 2007; 22: 30-3.
13. Avlan D, Erdogan K, Cimen B, Dusmez Apa D, Cinel I, Aksoyek S. The protective effect of selenium on ipsilateral and contralateral testes in testicular reperfusion injury. Pediatr Surg Int. 2005; 21: 274-8.
14. Uguralp S, Usta U, Mizrak B. Resveratrol may reduce apoptosis of rat testicular germ cells after experimental testicular torsion. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2005; 15: 333-6.
15. Dokmeci D, Inan M, Basaran UN, et al. Protective effect of L-carnitine on testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Cell Biochem Funct. 2007; 25: 611-8.
16. Unal S, Ozmen S, Demir Y, et al. The effect of gradually increased blood flow on ischemiareperfusion injury. Ann Plast Surg. 2001; 47(4): 412-6.
17. Horvath B, Marton Z, Halmosi R, et al. In vitro antioxidant properties of pentoxifylline, piracetam, and vinpocetine. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2002; 25(1): 37-42.
18.Bick RL. In-vivo platelet inhibition by piracetam. Lancet. 1979; 2(8145): 752-3.
19.Rossillon D, Vanwyck R, Bayet B, Calteux N, De Coninck A. The action of piracetam in ischaemic flaps. Br J Plast Surg. 1987; 40(5): 459-66.
20. Tuncer S, Ayhan S, Findikcioglu K, Ergun H, Tuncer I. Effect of systemic piracetam treatment on flap survival and vascular endothelial growth factor expression after ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2011; 27: 409-18.
21. Nalbandian RM, Henry RL, Burek CL, et al. Diminished adherence of sickle erythrocytes to cultured vascular endothelium by piracetam. Am J Hematol. 1983, 15(2): 147-51.
22. Trevisan M, Browne R, Ram M, et al. Correlates of markers of oxidative status in the general population. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 154(4): 348-56.
23. Zhu YJ, Zeng T, Zhu YB, et al. Effects of acrylamide on the nervous tissue antioxidant system and sciatic nerve electrophysiology in the rat. Neurochem Res. 2008; 33(11): 2310-7.