COVID-19 Pandemisinde Gebelerin Psikolojik Sağlık Sonuçları: Tanımlayıcı Çalışmaların Sistematik Bir Derlemesi

Amaç: Bu çalışma, 2019 koronavirüs pandemisinde gebelerin psikolojik sağlık (stres, anksiyete ve depresyon) sonuçlarına ilişkin çalışmaları değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, sistematik derleme niteliğinde olup, 15 Mayıs-10 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında İngilizce dilinde yayınlanan makaleler taranarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, "COVID-19", “gebelik”, “stres”, “anksiyete” ve “depresyon” için referans anahtar kelimelerinin kombinasyonu oluşturularak, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHost, Web of Science ve Science of Direct elektronik veritabanları taraması 2019-2020 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Tarama sonucunda tanımlayıcı/kesitsel çalışmalar ve editöre mektuplara ulaşılmıştır. Bağımsız iki araştırmacı tarafından yapılan kalite değerlendirmesi sonrası tam metnine ulaşılan toplam 6 makale bu sistematik derlemeye alınmıştır. Çalışmalar toplam 6.392 gebe ile yapılmış ve örneklem büyüklüğü 11-4124 arasında değişmektedir. Edinburgh Postnatal Depresyon Skalası (EPDS)’nın en sık kullanılan bireysel değerlendirme aracı olduğu görülmüştür. COVID-19 tanısı olan gebelerle yapılan bir çalışma bulunmaktadır. Gebelerin travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun, yaşanan travmaya bağlı olarak gelişen saldırı belirtileri ve kaçınma davranışları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalarda depresyon riski prevalansının %26.0 (EPDS≥10) ile %34.2 (EPDS>13) arasında değiştiği, gebelerin anksiyete semptomlarının ve yüksek prenatal distres düzeylerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Koronavirüs pandemisindeki gebelerin stres ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu yaşadığı, anksiyete semptomları gösterdiği ve depresyon açısından risk altında olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, Pandemi, Gebelik, Stres, Anksiyete, Depresyon

Psychological Health Outcomes of Pregnant Women in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Descriptive Studies

Objective: This study is showed the psychological health (stress, anxiety and depression) results of pregnant women in the 2019 coronavirus pandemic. Material and methods: The study is a systematic review and was conducted by screening articles published in English language between 15 May and 10 June 2020. PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHost, Web of Science and Science of Direct electronic databases between the dates 2019-2020 were screened by creating a combination of keywords for "COVID-19", "pregnancy", "stress", "anxiety" and "depression". Results: This systematic review were included descriptive/cross-sectional studies and letters to the editor after the quality evaluation results reaching six full text articles. The studies were performed with 6,392 pregnant women and the sample size ranged from 11 to 4124. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was found to be the most frequently used individual assessment tool and a study with pregnant women with COVID-19. The prevalence of depression risk of pregnant women have ranged 26.0% (EPDS≥10) and 34.2% (EPDS>13), and they have anxiety symptoms and high prenatal distress levels, and post-traumatic stress disorders the symptoms of intrusion and avoidance behaviors related to trauma. Conclusions: Pregnant women have experienced stress and post-traumatic stress disorder, and have anxiety symptoms and are at risk for depression in coronavirus pandemic.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Pandemic, Pregnancy, Stress, Anxiety, Depression,

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