Fatih AVDATEK, Deniz YENİ, Ruhi TÜRKMEN, Muhammed Enes İNANÇ, Umut TAŞDEMİR, Şükrü GÜNGÖR

The Effect of Gallic Acid Addition to Tris-Based Extender on Frozen Bull Semen

This study aimed to determine the probable protective effect of gallic acid (GA) on the spermatological parameters of frozen‐thawed bull semen. Ejaculates were collected from four Holstein bulls. The mixed ejaculate was divided into four equal groups as control (0 µg/mL GA), 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL GA with a Tris-based extender. All extended groups were cooled, equilibrated into a +4°C cold cabinet and loaded into straws. The straws were then frozen and stored in a liquid nitrogen container (-196°C). Subsequently, samples were thawed in a water bath for analyzing motility and kinematic parameters, morphological integrity, DNA damage and biochemical alterations. GA50 (28.76±0.51%) and GA100 (29.32±0.31%) had improved progressive motility in comparison to the other groups (P

PDF

___

1. Ugur MR, Saber Abdelrahman A, Evans HC, Gilmore AA, Hitit M, Arifiantini RI, Purwantara B, Kaya A, Memili E: Advances in cryopreservation of bull sperm. Front Vet Sci, 6:268, 2019. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00268
2. Dalal J, Kumar A, Dutt R, Singh G, Chandolia RK: Different cooling rate for cryopreservation of semen in various livestock species: A review. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci, 7, 1903-1911, 2018. DOI: 10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.219
3. Ozturk AE, Bodu M, Bucak MN, Agir V, Ozcan A, Keskin N, Ili P, Topraggaleh TR, Sidal H, Baspinar N, Dursun S: The synergistic effect of trehalose and low concentrations of cryoprotectants can improve postthaw ram sperm parameters. Cryobiology, 95, 157-163, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j. cryobiol.2020.03.008
4. Heidari J, Seifdavati J, Mohebodini H, Seyed Sharifi R, Abdi Benemar H: Effect of nano zinc oxide on post-thaw variables and oxidative status of Moghani Ram semen. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 25, 71-76, 2019. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2018.20349
5. Hitit M, Ugur MR, Dinh,TTN, Sajeev D, Kaya A, Topper E, Tan W, Memili E: Cellular and functional physiopathology of bull sperm with altered sperm freezability. Front Vet Sci, 7:581137, 2020. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.581137
6. Woelders H, Matthijs A, Engel B: Effects of trehalose and sucrose, osmolality of the freezing medium, and cooling rate on viability and intactness of bull sperm after freezing and thawing. Cryobiology, 35, 93-105, 1997. DOI: 10.1006/cryo.1997.2028
7. Baumber J, Ball BA, Linfor JJ, Meyers SA: Reactive oxygen species and cryopreservation promote DNA fragmentation in equine spermatozoa. J Androl, 24, 621-628, 2003. DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02714.x
8. Li MW, Meyers S, Tollner TL, Overstreet JW: Damage to chromosomes and DNA of rhesus monkey sperm following cryopreservation. J Androl, 28, 493-501, 2007. DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.106.000869
9. Sandal AI, Senlikci H, Baran A, Ozdas OB: Effects of semen extender supplemented with bovive serum albumin (BSA) on spermatological traits of Saanen Buck semen stored at +4ºC. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 26, 515-520, 2020. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2019.23674
10. Agarwal A, Said, TM: Role of sperm chromatin abnormalities and DNA damage in male infertility. Hum Reprod Update, 9, 331-345, 2003. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmg027
11. Jahanbin R, Yazdanshenas P, Rahimi M, Hajarizadeh A, Tvrda E, Nazari S. A, Sangcheshmeh AM, Ghanem N: In vivo and in vitro evaluation of bull semen processed with zinc (Zn) nanoparticles. Biol Trace Elem Res, 199, 126-135, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02153-4
12. Aitken RJ: A free radical theory of male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev, 6, 19-23, 1994. DOI: 10.1071/rd9940019
13. Armstrong JS, Rajasekaran M, Chamulitrat W, Gatti P, Hellstrom WJ, Sikka SC: Characterization of reactive oxygen species induced effects on human spermatozoa movement and energy metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med, 26, 869-880, 1999. DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00275-5
14. Zhang YW, Luo HL, Chang YF, Jiao LJ, Liu K: Effects of liquorice extract on the activity and gene expression level of antioxidant enzymes in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan lamb. Small Rumin Res, 154, 23-28, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.06.012
15. Atessahin A, Sahna E, Turk G, Ceribasi AO, Yilmaz S, Yüce A, Bulmus O: Chemoprotective effect of melatonin against cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in rats. J Pineal Res, 41, 21-27, 2006. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600- 079X.2006.00327.x
16. Raina K, Rajamanickam S, Deep G, Singh M, Agarwal R, Agarwal C: Chemopreventive effects of oral gallic acid feeding on tumor growth and progression in TRAMP mice. Mol Cancer Ther, 7, 1258-1267, 2008. DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-2220
17. Safaei F, Mehrzadi S, Khadem Haghighian H, Hosseinzadeh A, Nesari A, Dolatshahi M, Esmailizadeh M, Goudarzi M: Protective effects of gallic acid against methotrexate-induced toxicity in rats. Acta Chir Belg, 118, 152- 160, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2017.1394672
18. Mehraban Z, Ghaffari Novin M, Golmohammadi MG, Sagha M, Pouriran K, Nazarian H: Protective effect of gallic acid on apoptosis of sperm and in vitro fertilization in adult male mice treated with cyclophosphamide. J Cell Biochem, 120, 17250-17257, 2019. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28987
19. Owumi SE, Adedara IA, Akomolafe AP, Farombi EO, Oyelere AK: Gallic acid enhances reproductive function by modulating oxido-inflammatory and apoptosis mediators in rats exposed to aflatoxin-B1. Exp Biol Med, 245, 1016-1028, 2020. DOI: 10.1177/1535370220936206
20. Daglia M, Di Lorenzo A, Nabavi SF, Talas SZ, Nabavi SM: Polyphenols: Well beyond the antioxidant capacity: gallic acid and related compounds as neuroprotective agents: you are what you eat! Curr Pharm Biotechnol, 15, 362-372, 2014. DOI: 10.2174/138920101504140825120737
21. Lima KG, Krause GC, Schuster AD, Catarina AV, Basso BS, De Mesquita FC, Pedrazza L, Marczak ES, Martha BA, Nunes FB, Chiela ECF, Jaeger N, Thome MP, Haute GV, Dias HB, Donadio VF, De Oliveira JR: Gallic acid reduces cell growth by induction of apoptosis and reduction of IL-8 in HepG2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother, 84, 1282-1290, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.048
22. Bello TH, Idris OA: The effect of antioxidant (gallic acid) on the testes of lead acetate induced Wistar rat. Toxicol Environ Health Sci, 10, 261-267, 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s13530-018-0374-0
23. Tasdemir U, Buyukleblebici S, Tuncer PB, Coskun E, Ozgurtas T, Aydın FN, Büyükleblebici O, Gurcan IS: Effects of various cryoprotectants on bull sperm quality, DNA integrity and oxidative stress parameters. Cryobiology, 66, 38-42, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.10.006
24. Avdatek F, Yeni D, Inanc ME, Cil B, Tuncer PB, Turkmen, R, Tasdemir, U: Supplementation of quercetin for advanced DNA integrity in bull semen cryopreservation. Andrologia, 50:e129755, 2018. DOI: 10.1111/and.12975
25. Inanc ME, Cil B, Tekin K, Alemdar H, Daskin A: The combination of CASA kinetic parameters and fluorescein staining as a fertility tool in cryopreserved bull semen. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 42, 452-458, 2018. DOI: 10.3906/vet-1801-83
26. Schafer S, Holzmann A: The use of transmigration and Spermac™ stain to evaluate epididymal cat spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci, 59, 201-211, 2000. DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(00)00073-7
27. Gundogan M, Yeni D, Avdatek F, Fidan AF: Influence of sperm concentration on the motility, morphology, membrane and DNA integrity along with oxidative stress parameters of ram sperm during liquid storage. Anim Reprod Sci, 122, 200-207, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.08.012
28. Erel O: A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem, 37, 277-285, 2004. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.015
29. Gil MC, García-Herreros M, Barón FJ, Aparicio IM, Santos AJ, GarcíaMarín LJ: Morphometry of porcine spermatozoa and its functional significance in relation with the motility parameters in fresh semen. Theriogenology, 71, 254-263, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.007
30. Robayo I, Montenegro V, Valdes C, Cox JF: CASA assessment of kinematic parameters of ram spermatozoa and their relationship to migration efficiency in ruminant cervical mucus. Reprod Domest Anim, 43, 393-399, 2008. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00920.x
31. Tuncer PB, Bucak MN, Büyükleblebici S, Sarıözkan S, Yeni D, Eken A, Akalın PP, Kinet H, Avdatek F, Fidan AF, Gündoğan M: The effect of cysteine and glutathione on sperm and oxidative stress parameters of post-thawed bull semen. Cryobiology, 61, 303-307, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j. cryobiol.2010.09.009.
32. Gungor S, Inanc ME, Ozturk C, Korkmaz F, Bastan I, Cil B, Kastelic JP: Gallic and carnosic acids improve quality of frozen‐thawed ram spermatozoa. Andrologia, 51: e13393, 2019. DOI: 10.1111/and.13393
33. Ozturk C, Gungor S, Aksoy NH, Inanç ME: Effects of carnosic and gallic acid on ram sperm parameters and seminal plasma homocysteinenesfatin levels after thawing. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 13, 104-107, 2020. DOI: 10.47027/duvetfd.753033
34. Farrell PB, Presicce GA, Brockett CC, Foote RH: Quantification of bull sperm characteristics measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and the relationship to fertility. Theriogenology, 49, 871-879, 1998. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(98)00036-3
35. Kathiravan P, Kalatharan J, Edwin MJ, Veerapandian C: Computer automated motion analysis of crossbred bull spermatozoa and its relationship with in vitro fertility in zona-free hamster oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci, 104, 9-17, 2008. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.01.002
36. Amann RP: Can the fertility potential of a seminal sample be predicted accurately? J Androl, 10, 89-98, 1989. DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.1989. tb00066.x
37. Nagy Á, Polichronopoulos T, Gáspárdy A, Solti L, Cseh S: Correlation between bull fertility and sperm cell velocity parameters generated by computer-assisted semen analysis. Acta Vet Hung, 63, 370-381, 2015. DOI: 10.1556/004.2015.035
38. Daghigh Kia H, Farhadi R, Ashrafi, Mehdipour M: Anti‐oxidative effects of ethanol extract of Origanum vulgare on kinetics, microscopic and oxidative parameters of cryopreserved holstein bull spermatozoa. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 6, 783-789, 2016.
39. Osawa T: Natural antioxidants for utilization in food and biological systems. In, Postharvest Biochemistry of Plant Food-Materials in the Tropics. 241-251, Japan Scientific Press, Tokyo, 1994.
40. Lozano C, Julia L, Jimenez A, Tourino S, Centelles JJ, Cascante M, Torres JL: Electron-transfer capacity of catechin derivatives and influence on the cell cycle and apoptosis in HT29 cells. FEBS J, 273, 2475-2486, 2006. DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05255.x
41. Velderrain-Rodriguez RG, Torres-Moreno H, Villegas-Ochoa MA, Ayala-Zavala JF, Robles-Zepeda RE, Wall-Medrano A, Gonzalez-Aquilar GA: Gallic acid content and an antioxidant mechanism are responsible fort he antiproliferative activity of ‘Ataulfo’ mango peel on LS180 cells. Molecules, 23 (3): 695, 2018. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030695
42. Boe-Hansen GB, Fortes MS, Satake N: Morphological defects, sperm DNA integrity, and protamination of bovine spermatozoa. Andrology, 6, 627- 633, 2018. DOI: 10.1111/andr.12486
43. Jalili C, Abdolmaleki A, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR: Effects of gallic acid on rat testopathy following morphine administration: An experimental study. J Herbmed Pharmacol, 9 (1): 61-67, 2020. DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2020.09
44. Weng SW, Hsu SC, Liu HC, Ji BC, Lien JC, Yu FS, Liu KC, Lai KC, Lin JP, Chung JG: Gallic acid induces DNA damage and inhibits DNA repairassociated protein expression in human oral cancer SCC-4 cells. Anticancer Res, 35, 2077-2084, 2015.
45. Erol O, Arda N, Erdem G: Protective response of gallic acid from oxidative nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage in HeLa cells. Oxid Antioxid Med Sci, 4, 28-32, 2015.
46. Nichi M, Bols PEG, Zuge RM, Barnabe VH, Goovaerts IGF, Barnabe RC, Cortada CNM: Seasonal variation in semen quality in Bos inducus and Bos taurus bulls raised under tropical conditions. Theriogenology, 66, 822- 828, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.056
47. Gorlach S, Fichna J, Lewandowska U: Polyphenols and mitochondriatarget anticancer drugs. Cancer Lett, 366, 141-149, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j. canlet.2015.07.004
48. Sandoval-Acuna C, Ferreira J, Speisky H: Polyphenols and mitochondria: An update on their increasingly emerging ROS-scavenging independent actions. Arch Biochem Biophys, 559, 75-90, 2014. DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.05.017
49. Leon-Gonzalez AJ, Auger C, Schini-Kerth VB: Pro-oxidant activity of polyphenols and its implication on cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Biochem Pharmacol, 98, 371-380, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j. bcp.2015.07.017
50. Ansari MS, Rakha BA, Akhter S: Effect of l-cystein in extender on post-thaw quality of Sahiwal bull semen. Anim Sci Pap Rep, 29 (3): 197-203, 2011.
51. Jofré I, Cuevas M, De Castro LS, De Agostini Losan JD, Torres MA, Alvear M, Scheuermann E, Nichi M, Andrade AFC, Assumpção MEO, Romero F: Antioxidant effect of a polyphenol-rich murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz.) extract and its effect on the regulation of metabolism in refrigerated boar sperm. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2019:2917513, 2019. DOI: 10.1155/2019/2917513