NADİDE NABİL KAMİLOĞLU, Ebru BEYTUT, Hüseyin GEY

Relationship between selenium levels in soil and meadow hay and glutathione perowidase activity in erythrocytes of offsprings of which dams grazed on pasture

Bu çalışmada, Kars ve yöresinin 12 farklı bölgesinde ilkbaharda doğan 15+7 günlük kuzuların eritrosit glutatyon peroksidaz (GSHPx) aktiviteîeri ile toprak ve çayır otlarının selenyum (Se) düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki araştırıldı. Bu bölgelerdeki eritrosit GSHPx aktivitesini araştırmak için ilkbahar döneminde doğmuş 15+7 günlük 800 kuzunun v. jugularis''inden vakumlu heparinli tüplerle kan örnekleri alındı. Bu dönemde alınan toprak ve çayır otlarında ise Se analizleri yapıldı. GSHPx aktivitesi yetersiz olan (60-130 IU/g Hb arasında) (Grup II) üç bölgenin toprak Se düzeyi, GSHPx aktivitesi yeterli olan (> 130 IU/g Hb) (Grup I) diğer üç bölgenin toprak Se düzeyine göre önemli bir şekilde düşüktü. GSHPx aktivitesi yetersiz (Grup II) olan bölgelerdeki çayır otu Se düzeyleri GSHPx aktivitesi yeterli olan (Grup I) bölgelere göre daha düşüktü. Bu sonuçlara göre, toprağın kil düzeyinin yetersizliği ve çayır otu ile toprağın Se düzeylerinin düşük olması, bu çayırlarda otlayan koyunların kuzularının beyaz kas hastalığı gibi Se noksanlığı nedeniyle oluşan hastalıklara karşı predispoze hale gelebileceği kanaatini doğurmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

koyun, alyuvarlar, glutatyon peroksidaz, otlatma, yavrular, çayırlar, çayır mera bitkileri, meralar, selenyum

Çayırda otlayan koyunların yavrularının eritrosit glutatyon peroksidaz aktiviteleri ile çayır otu ve toprağın selenyum düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki

The relationship between selenium (Se) levels soil and meadow hay and the glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity of erythrocytes in 15+7 day-old lambs in spring season was studied in 12 different districts in region of Kars and its surrounds, in Turkey. The relationship between the levels of Se in soil and meadow hay and activity of GSHPx in erythrocytes was studied in 800 blood samples taken by jugular venapuncture from 15±7 day-old lambs in this geographical area. The blood samples were analysed for the activity of GSHPx and groups named according to adequate GSHPx activity as Group I and inadequate GSHPx activity as Group II. The soil and meadow hay samples were analysed for the concentration of Se. In the three districts where the lambs were found to have adequate GSHPx activity (>130 IU/g Hb) (Group I), the soils contained significantly more Se than in the 3 other districts where the mean levels of GSHPx activity in the lambs were found to be inadequate (between 60 and 130 IU/g Hb) (Group II). The Se levels in meadow hay in the districts in which the GSHPx activity of the lambs was inadequate (Group II) were significantly lower than those of Group I. These results suggest that soils which have a low clay content and meadow hay which is low in Se yield herbage may predispose grazing sheep to diseases occured with Se deficiency like nutritional muscular dystrophy.

Keywords:

sheep, erythrocytes, glutathione peroxidase, grazing, litters, meadows, pasture plants, pastures, selenium,

PDF

___

1.Allaway WH: Selenium in the food chain. Cornell Vet, 63:151, 1973.
2.Allen WM, Parr WH, Anderson PH, Berrett S, Bradley R, Patterson DS: Selenium and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in bovine erythrocytes. Vet Rec, 96:360, 1975.
3.Andres S: Doctoral thesis. Universidad de Extremadura, Câceres, Spain, 1996.
4.Carlstrom G, Jonsson G, Pherson B: Selenium concentration in the blood of ruminants grazing in Northern New South Wales. 1. Analysis of samples collected in the national brucellosis eradication scheme. Swedish J Agricul Res, 9:43, 1979.
5.Carter DL, Robbins CW, Brown HJ: Effects of phosphorus fertilization on the selenium concentration in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Soil Sci SocAm Proc, 36:624, 1972.
6.Counotte GHM, Hatmans J: Relation between selenium content and glutathione-peroxidase activity in blood of cattle. VetQuar, 11:155, 1989.
7.Gardiner MR: Glutathione peroxidase and selenium in sheep. 2. The relationship between glutathione peroxidase and selenium-responsive unthriftiness in Merino lambs. Agricul, 6:19,1969.
8.Hartley W, Grant AB: A review of selenium responsive diseases of New Zealand livestock. Fed Proc, 20:679, 1961.
9.Kornegay ET, Meldrum JB, Chickering WR: Influence of floor space allowance and dietary selenium and zinc on growth performance, clinical pathology measurements and liver enzymes, and adrenal weights of weanling pigs. J Anim Sci, 71:3185, 1993.
10.McDonald JW: Selenium-responsive unthriftiness of young merino sheep in Central Victoria. Aust VetJ, 51:433, 1975.
11.Mathis A, Horber H, Jucker H: Selenium metabolism in ruminants. SchweizArch Tierheilkd, 124:591, 1982.
12.Mayland HF, Gugh LP, Stewart KC: Proceedings of the 1990 billing land reclamation symposium on selenium in arid and semiarid environments. Eds Severson R, Fisher SE, Gough LP, Denver, United States Geological Survey, Western United States, 57, 1991.
13.Breyer PH, Gilbert BP: Determination of selenium, differential pulse voltametry of the 3,3-diaminobenzidine piazselenol. Anal ChimActa, 20:23-32 1987.
14.Watkinson JH: Fluorometric determination of traces of selenium. Anal Chem, 32:8, 1960.
15.Whetter PA, UHrey DE: Improved fluorometric method for determining selenium. J Assoc Anal Chem, 6:4, 1987.
16.Matkowics B, Szabo L, Sz Varga I: Determination of enzyme activities in lipid peroxidation and glutathione pathways (In Hungarian). Laboratoriumi Diagnosztika, 15: 248-250, 1988.
17.Andres S, Mane MC, Sanchez J, Barrera R, Jimenez A: Temporal variations in blood glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity in sheep at pasture in a Mediterranean area. Vet J, 157:186-188; 1999.
18.Beytut E, Kamiloğlu NN, Gökçe G, Gey H: Seasonal variations in glutathione peroxidase activity of erythrocyte in grazed sheep at pasture in the region of Kars, in Turkey. (Unpublished data).
19.Köküuslu C, Drommer W, Özkul IA, Çamaş H: The histological and electron microscopical investigations on the findings of white muscle disease (WMD) in lambs. Ankara Üniv VetFakDerg, 33:97-112, 1986.
20.Bostedt H, Schramel P: The importance of selenium in the prenatal and postnatal development of calves and lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res, 24:163-171, 1990.
21.Mee JF, O'Farrell KJ, Rogers PAM: Baseline survey of blood trace-elements status of 50 dairy herds in the South of Ireland in the spring and autumn of 1991. Irish Vet J. 47:115- 122, 1994.
22.Paynter DI, Anderson JW, McDonald JW: Glutathione peroxidase and selenium in sheep. II.The relationship between glutathione peroxidase and selenium response unthriftines in Merino lambs. Aust J Agricul Res. 30:703-709, 1979.
23.McDowell LR: Vitamin E. In vitamins in animal nutrition, comparative aspects to human nutrition. Academic Press Inc., London, 93-131,1989.
24.McDowell LR: Selenium. In minerals in animal and human nutrition. Academic Pres Inc., London, 294-332, 1992.
25.Caple IW, Andrewartha KA, Edwards SJ, Halpin CG: An examination of the selenium nutrition of sheep in Victoria. Aust Vet 7,56:160-167, 1980.