Bulent OZSOY, Sakine YALCIN, Zafer CANTEKIN, Hamdullah Suphi BAYRAKTAR

Ratlarda Kefirin Bağırsak Mikrofl orası ve Bazı Kan Parametrelerindeki Rolü: Deneysel Çalışma

Probiyotik bir ürün olan kefir insanlar tarafından yaygın olarak tüketilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, kefirin ratlarda kan parametreleri ve bağırsak fl orası üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmada toplam 24 dişi rat kullanıldı. Otuzbeş günlük deney süresi boyunca, ratlar ticari rat yemi ile beslendi ve su ad libitum verldi. Kefir, deneme gruplarına sırası ile 10, 20 ve 30 mL/kg seviyelerinde oral gavajla verildi. Kontrol grubuna kefir verilmedi. Kefir maya sayısı 1.65x107 lactobacilli sayısı 4x108 bulunmuştur. Kan plazmasındaki total protein, albümin, ürik asit, SGPT, SGOT, alkalin fosfataz ve fosfor açısından gruplar arasında fark gözlenmedi. İkinci ve üçüncü gruptaki plazma trigliserid ve kolesterol, seviyeleri kontrol grubuna göre daha düşüktü (P

Eff ects of Kefir on Blood Parameters and Intestinal Microfl ora in Rats: An Experimental Study

A probiotic product of kefir is widely consumed by human beings. The purpose of this research was to investigate the eff ects of kefir on blood parameters and intestinal fl ora in rats. A total of 24 female rats were used in this study. During 35 days of experimental period, rats were fed with a commercial diet and water was provided ad libitum. Kefir was given at the levels of 10 mL/kg, 20 ml/kg and 30 mL/kg with oral gavage to the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. Kefir was not given to the control group. The number of yeast was found to be 1.65x107 and the number of lactobacilli was found to be 4x108 in kefir. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken from all rats. Blood plasma parameters and were investigated. The intestinal microfl ora was investigated by classical colony counting method. No diff erences were observed among the groups in total protein, albumin, uric acids, SGPT, SGOT, alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus in blood plasma. The plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the second and third groups were lower than control group (P

PDF

___

1. Zubillaga M, Weill R, Postaire E, Goldman C, Caro R, Boccio J: Effect of probiotics and functional foods and their use in different diseases. Nutr Res, 21, 569-579, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(01)00281-0
2. Kim DH, Kang IB, Jeong D, Kim H, Kim HS, Lee SK, Song KY, Seo KH: Development of rapid and highly specific TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR assay for the identification and enumeration of Lactobacillus kefiri in kefir milk. Int Dairy J, 61, 18-21, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.03.007
3. Kim DH, Jeong D, Song KY, Seo KH: Comparison of traditional and backslopping methods for kefir fermentation based on physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. LWT, 97, 503-507, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/ j.lwt.2018.07.023
4. Kubo M, Odani T, Nakamura S, Tokumaru S, Matsuda H: Pharmacogical study on kefir a fermented milk product in Caucausus. I. On antitumor activity (1). Yakugaku Zasshi, 112, 489-495, 1992. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.112.7_489
5. Neve H: Analysis of kefir grain starter cultures by scanning electron microscopy. Milchwissenschaft, 47, 275-278, 1992.
6. Hoolihan LK: Prophylactic and therapeutic use of probiotics: A review. J Am Diet Assoc, 101, 229-241, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00060-8
7. Garofalo C, Osimani A, Milanovic V, Aquilanti L, De Filippis F, Stellato G, Di Mauro S, Turchetti B, Buzzini P, Ercolini D, Clementi F: Bacteria and yeast microbiota in milk kefir grains from different Italian regions. Food Microbiol, 49, 123-133, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.01.017
8. Kim DH, Jeong D, Kang IB, Kim H, Seo KH: Development of a rapid and reliable TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR assay for the detection and enumeration of the multifaceted yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus in dairy products. LWT, 87, 163-168, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.065
9. Eliş Yıldız S, Yiğit F, Duman Aydin B, Karadağ Sarı E, Deprem T, Koral Taşçı S: Effects of kefir, koumiss, milk and yoghurt administration on distribution of plasma cells and mast cells in mice spleen. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 21, 195-201, 2015. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2014.12015
10. Mert H, Yılmaz H, Irak K, Yıldırım S, Mert N: Investigation of the protective effect of kefir against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour, 38, 259-272, 2018. DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.38.2.259
11. St-Onge MP, Farnworth ER, Jones PJH: Consumption of fermented and nonfermented dairy products: Effects on cholesterol concentrations and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr, 71, 674-681, 2000. DOI: 10.1093/ ajcn/71.3.674
12. Matsuu M, Shichijo K, Okaichi K, Wen CY, Fukuda E, Nakashima M, Nakayama T, Shirahata S, Tokumaru S, Sekine I: The protective effect of fermented milk kefir on radiation-induced apoptosis in colonic crypt cells of rats. J Radiat Res, 44, 111-115, 2003. DOI: 10.1269/jrr.44.111
13. Nurliyani, Harmayani E, Sunarti: Antidiabetic potential of kefir combination from goat milk and soy milk in rats induced with streptozotocinnicotinamide. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour, 35, 847-858, 2015. DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2015.35.6.847
14. Rosa DD, Dias MMS, Grzeskowiak LM, Reis SA, Conceiçao LL, Maria do Carmo GP: Milk kefir: Nutritional, microbiological and health benefits. Nutr Res Rev, 30, 82-96, 2017. DOI: 10.1017/S0954422416000275
15. Tung YT, Chen HL, Wu HS, Ho MH, Chong KY, Chen CM: Kefir peptides prevent hyperlipidemia and obesity in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats via lipid metabolism modulation. Mol Nutr Food Res, 62:1700505, 2018. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700505
16. Arda M, Minbay A, Leloğlu N, Aydın N, Kahraman M, Akay Ö, Ilgaz A, İzgür M, Diker KS: Özel Mikrobiyoloji. 26, Medisan Yayınları, Ankara, 1997.
17. Dawson B, Trapp RG: Basic and Clinical Biostatistics, 3rd ed., 161-182, Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York, USA, 2001.
18. Sari EK, Bakir B, Aydin BD, Sözmen M: The effects of kefir, koumiss, yogurt and commercial probiotic formulations on PPARα and PPAR-β/δ expressions in mouse kidney. Biotech Histochem, 89, 287-295, 2014. DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.844274
19. Karademir G, Ünal Y: Broilerde kefirin probiyotik amaçla kullanılması. Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 49, 47-54, 2008.
20. Carnevali O, Vivo L, Sulpizio R, Gioacchini G, Olivotto I, Silvi S, Cresci A: Growth improvement by probiotic in European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax), with particular attention to IGF-1, myostatin and cortisol gene expression. Aquaculture, 258, 430-438, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.04.025
21. Karademir G, Yöruk MA, Tunç MA, Çelebi D: Yumurtacı tavuklarda kefirin performans ve yumurta kalitesine etkisi. Atatürk Üniv Vet Bil Derg, 7, 177-184, 2012.
22. Moriya C, Satoh H: Teneligliptin decreases uric acid levels by reducing xanthine dehydrogenase expression in white adipose tissue of male wistar rats. J Diabetes Res, 2016:3201534, 2016. DOI: 10.1155/2016/3201534
23. Tsushima Y, Nishizawa H, Tochino Y, Nakatsuji H, Sekimoto R, Nagao H, Shirakura T, Kato K, Imaizumi K, Takahashi H, Tamura M, Maeda N, Funahashi T, Shimomura L: Uric acid secretion from adipose tissue and its increase in obesity. J Biol Chem, 288, 27138-27149, 2013. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M113.485094
24. Wang Y, Xu NV, Xi A, Ahmed Z, Zhang B, Bai X: Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum MA2 isolated from Tibet kefir on lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora of rats fed on high-cholesterol diet. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 84, 341-347, 2009. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2012-x
25. Özsoy B, Küçükgül A, Özsoy ŞY, Yumuşak N: Investigation the protective effects of kefir in experimental diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic liver fattened rats. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 6, 142-146, 2017.
26. Rattray FP, Connell MJ: Fermented milks kefir. In, Fukay JW (Ed): Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences. 2nd ed., 518-524, Academic Press San Diego, U.S.A., 2011.
27. Ozsoy SY: The protective effect of kefir on carbon tetrachlorideinduced histopathological changes in the livers of rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 22, 403-408, 2016. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2015.14825
28. Begley M, Hill C, Gahan CGM: Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics. Appl Environ Microbiol, 72, 1729-1738, 2006. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.72.3.1729- 1738.2006
29. Brashears MM, Gilliland SE, Buck LM: Bile salt deconjugation and cholesterol removal from media by Lactobacillus casei. J Dairy Sci, 81, 2103-2110, 1998. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75785-6
30. Tamai Y, Yoshimitsu N, Watanabe Y, Kuwabara Y, Nagai S: Effects of milk fermented by culturing with varius lactic acid bacteria and a yeast on serum cholesterol level in rats. J Ferment Bioeng, 81, 181-182, 1996. DOI: 10.1016/0922-338X(96)87601-X
31. Yaman H, Ulukanli Z, Elmali M, Unal Y: The effect of a fermented probiotic, the kefir, on intestinal flora of poultry domesticated geese (Anser anser). Revue Méd Vét, 157, 379-386, 2006.
32. Zheng Y, Lu Y, Wang J, Yang L, Pan C, Huang Y: Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus strains ısolated from Tibetan kefir grains. Plos One, 8:e69868 2013. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069868