Özlem Durna AYDIN, GÜLTEKİN YILDIZ, Oğuz MERHAN

E ects of Probiotic (Lactobacillus farciminis) Supplementation in Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Rations on Growth Performance, Blood Antioxidant Capacity and Cecal Some Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eff ect of Lactobacillus farciminis supplementation in quail diets on performance, blood antioxidant capacity and the concentrations of cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). A total of 180 day-old quail chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups each containing 60 chicks. Each group was randomly divided into 5 subgroups each containing 12 chicks. The chicks were fed with corn, soybean meal and full-fat soybean based rations for 35 days. While the control group was fed with basal ration, the experimental groups were fed with probiotic supplementation at 0.1 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg doses, respectively. At end of the experiment, the use probiotics in quails did not aff ect initial LW, final LW, LWG, FI and FCR. The increase in dietary probiotic, MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx exhibited a linear response. However, ceruloplasmin, albumin, total protein and globulin were not aff ected by the addition of probiotic. Significant linear responses in asetic acid, isocaproic acid and SCFA were observed with the gradued level of probiotic. However, a significant quadratic response in the caproic acid was observed. Therefore, the eff ective dose for caproic acid was 0.1 g/kg. There were no significant diff erences in acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, isovaleric acid and BCFA concentrations for quails fed with diff erent levels of probiotic. In conclusion, diets containing Lactobacillus farciminis in quail can be used to improve the antioxidant capacity and intestinal health.

Bıldırcın (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Rasyonlarına Probiyotik (Lactobacillus farciminis) İlavesinin Büyüme Performansı, Kan Antioksidan Kapasite ve Sekal Bazı Kısa Zincirli Yağ Asidi Konsantrasyonları Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bıldırcın diyetlerinde Lactobacillus farciminis takviyesinin performans, kan antioksidan kapasitesi ve sekal bazı kısa zincirli yağ asidi (SCFA) konsantrasyonları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Toplam 180 günlük bıldırcın civcivleri rastgele olarak her biri 60 civciv içeren 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Her grup rastgele olarak her biri 12 civciv içeren 5 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Tüm civcivler 35 gün boyunca mısır, soya fasulyesi ve tam yağlı soya fasulyesine dayalı rasyonla beslenmiştir. Kontrol grubu (C) bazal rasyonla beslenirken, deney gruplarına bazal rasyona ek olarak sırasıyla 0.1 g/kg (P1) ve 0.3 g/kg (P2) dozlarında probiyotik ilavesi yapılmıştır. Deneme sonunda, bıldırcınlarda probiyotik kullanımı başlangıç canlı ağırlık, bitiş canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranını etkilememiştir. Rasyona probiyotik ilavesi ile MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT ve GPx’teki artış lineer bir cevap vermiştir. Fakat seruloplazmin, albümin, toplam protein ve globulin probiyotik ilavesinden etkilenmemiştir. Kademeli artan probiyotik seviyesinde asetik asit, izokaproik asit ve SCFA’da önemli lineer tepkiler gözlenmiştir. Fakat, kaproik asitte önemli bir kuadratik yanıt gözlenmiştir. Kaproik asit için etkin doz 0.1 g/kg’dır. Farklı seviyelerde probiyotikle beslenen bıldırcınlar için asetik asit, propiyonik asit, alıcı asit, izobutirik asit, valerik asit, izovalerik asit ve BCFA konsantrasyonlarında önemli bir fark görülmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, bıldırcınlarda Lactobacillus farciminis içeren rasyonları antioksidan kapasite ve bağırsak sağlığını iyileştirmek için kullanılabilir

PDF

___

1. Guo FC, Williams BA, Kwakkel RP, Li HS, Li XP, Luo JY, Li WK, Verstegen MWA: Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on the cecal microbial ecosystem in broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 83, 175-182, 2004. DOI: 10.1093/ps/83.2.175

2. Castanon JIR: History of the use of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poult Sci, 86 (11): 2466-2471, 2007. DOI: 10.3382/ ps.2007-00249

3. Wiseman M: Evaluation of Tasco® as a candidate prebiotic in broiler chickens. MSc Thesis, Nova Scotia Agricultural College and Dalhousie University, 2012.

4. Fuller R: Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol, 66 (5): 365-378, 1989.

5. Kheiri F, Rostami M, Hajiabadi S: The effects of potexin probiotic and chicoridin supplementation on performance and some hematological parameters in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Adv Agric, 4 (10): 115- 121, 2015. DOI: 10.14196/AA.v4I10.2012

6. Persichetti E, De Michele A, Codini M, Traina G: Antioxidative capacity of Lactobacillus fermentum LF31 evaluated in vitro by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay. Nutrition, 30 (7-8): 936-938, 2014. DOI: 10.1016/J.NUT.2013.12.009

7. Meimandipour A, Shuhaimi M, Soleimani AF, Azhar K, Hair-Bejo M, Kabeir BM, Javanmard A, Muhammad Anas O, Yazid AM: Selected microbial groups and short-chain fatty acids profile in a simulated chicken cecum supplemented with two strains of Lactobacillus. Poult Sci, 89, 470-476, 2010. DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00495

8. Angel R, Dalloul RA, Doerr J: Performance of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with a direct-fed microbial. Poult Sci, 84, 1222-1231, 2005. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.8.1222

9. NRC: Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1994.

10. AOAC: Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2000.

11. Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM: Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med, 61, 882-888, 1963.

12. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M: Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism against activatedoxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 135, 372-376, 1979. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90708-7

13. Colombo JP, Richterich R: Zur bestimmung des caeruloplasmin im plasma [on the determination of ceruloplasmin in plasma]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr, 94, 715-720. 1964.

14. Doumas BT, Watson WA, Biggs HG: Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green. Clin Chim Acta, 258 (1): 21-30, 1997. DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(96)06447-9

15. Zhang WF, Li DF, Lu WQ, Yi GF: Effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides on broiler performance and intestinal microflora. Poult Sci, 82 (4): 657- 663, 2003. DOI: 10.1093/ps/82.4.657

16. SPSS: Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences, 20th ed., IBM Inc, Chicago, USA, 2011.

17. Lemos MJ, Calixto LFL, Souza DS, Reis TL, Nascimento AA, Oliveria CA: Comparative effect of the inclusion of zootecnical additives in the feed of Japanese quails in two productive phases. An Acad Bras Cienc, 90 (4): 3313-3325, 2018. DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170801

18. Forte C, Moscati L, Acuti G, Mugnai C, Franciosini MP, Costarelli S, Cobellis G, Trabalza-Marinucci M: Effect of dietary Lactobacillius acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis on laying performance, egg quailty, blood biochemistry and immune response of organic laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 100 (5): 977-987, 2015. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12408

19. Idou T, Karam NE, Gürbüz Y: Effect of autochthonous probiotic feding on performances, carcass traits, serum composition and faecal microflora of broiler chickens. Sain Malays, 45 (3): 347-353, 2016.

20. Çalık A, Ergün A: Effect of lactulose supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, cecal microbial population, and short-chain fatty acid composition of broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 94, 2173-2182, 2015. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev182

21. Huang JH: Effect of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance of broilers chicken. Heilongjiang Anim Sci Vet Med, 2, 78-79. 2012.

22. Hosseini SM, Chamani M, Mousavi SN, Hosseini SA, Sadeghi AA: Growth performance, mucin2 gene expression, morphology of small intestine and intestinal Lactobacillus population of broiler chicks fed with triticale-based diets: Effects of dietary physical form and dietary inclusion of enzyme and probiotic. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 24 (2): 203-210, 2018. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2017.18629

23. Siadati SA, Ebrahimnezhad Y, Salehi Jouzani GH, Shayegh J: Evaluation of probiotic potential of some native Lactobacillus strains on the growth performance and serum biochemical parameters of Japanese quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) during rearing period. Rev Bras Cienc Avic, 19 (3): 399-408, 2017. DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0393

24. Jazi V, Farahi M, Khajali F, Abousaad S, Peter F, Soumeh EA: Effect of dietary supplementation of whey powder and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, gut and hepatic function, and muscle antioxidant capacity of Japanese quail. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 104, 886-897, 2020. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13323

25. Gao Z, Wu H, Shi L, Zhang X, Shieng R, Yin F, Gooneratne R: Study of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, nutrition metabolism and intestinal microflora of 1 to 42 d broiler chickens. Anim Nutr, 3, 109-113, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.02.002

26. Landis GN, Tower J: Superoxide dismutase evolution and life span regulation. Mech Ageing Dev, 126, 365-379, 2005. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad. 2004.08.012

27. Shen Q, Shang N, Li P: In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of Bifidobacterium animalis 01 isolated from centenarians. Curr Microbiol, 62, 1097-1103, 2011. DOI: 10.1007/s00284-010-9827-7

28. Wang AN, Yi XW, Yu HF, Dong B, Qiao SY: Free radical scavenging activity of Lactobacillus fermentum in vitro and its antioxidative effect on growing-finishing pigs. J Appl Microbiol, 107, 1140-1148, 2009. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04294.x

29. Aluwong T, Kawu M, Raji M, Dzenda T, Govwang F, Sinkalu V, Ayo J: Effect of yeast probiotic on growth, antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde concentration of broiler chickens. Antioxidants, 2, 326- 339, 2013. DOI: 10.3390/antiox2040326

30. Wang Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Xu H, Mei X, Yu D, Wang Y, Li W: Antioxidant properties of probiotic bacteria, Nutrition, 9 (5): 521, 2017. DOI: 10.3390/ nu9050521

31. Wang J, Tang H, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Derrien M, Rocher E, Van- Hylckama Vlieg JET, Strissel K, Zhao L, Obin M, Shen J: Modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice. ISME J, 9, 1-15, 2015. DOI: 10.1038/ ismej.2014.99

32. Knudsen KEB, Hedemann MS, Lærke HN: The role of carbohydrates in intestinal health of pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 173, 41-53, 2012. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.020

33. Tan L, Yuan D, Chen YB: Differ Bacillus probiotics affect growth perform ammon emission excreta broilers. Chinnese J Anim Nutr, 24 (5): 877-885, 2012.

34. Weng YJ, Gan HY, Li X, Huang Y, Li ZC, Deng HM, Chen SZ, Zhou Y, Wang LS, Han YP, Tan YF, Song YJ, Du ZM, Liu YY, Wang Y, Qin N, Bai Y, Yang RF, Bi YJ, Zhi FC: Correlation of diet, microbiota and metabolite networks in inflammatory bowel disease. J Dig Dis, 20, 447-459, 2019. DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12795

35. Kamphues J, Tabeling R, Stuke O, Bollmann S, Amtsberg G: Investigations on potential dietetic effects of lactulose in pigs. Livest Sci, 109, 93-95, 2007. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.089

36. Novak R, Bogovič Matijašić B, Terčič D, Cervek M, Gorjanc G, Holcman A, Levart A, Rogelj I: Effects of two probiotic additives containing Bacillus spores on carcass characteristics, blood lipids and cecal volatile fatty acids in meat type chickens, J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 95 (4): 424-433, 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01068.x