Korakot NGANVONGPAINT, Theeranan BOONCHAİ, Orathai TAOTHONG, Anucha SATHANWONGS

Physiological effects of water temperatures in swimming toy breed dogs

Bu çalışmanın amacı su sıcaklığının yüzme öncesi ve sonrası kalp atım ve solunum sayılarına, rektal sıcaklığa, kan glikoz ve laktat seviyelerine olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Yirmi bir küçük cüsseli köpek (erkek=9, dişi=12) bu çalışmada denek olarak kullanıldı. Köpekler 20 dakika farklı ısılardaki suda (25°C, 33°C ve 37°C) yüzdürüldü. Kalp atım ve solunum sayıları yüzme süresince 5 dakikada bir ölçüldü. Glikoz ve laktat ölçümleri için yüzme öncesi ve sonrasında kan örnekleri alındı. Rektal sıcaklık yüzme öncesi ve sonrası ölçüldü. Sonuçlar 25°Cde yüzdürülen köpeklerde kalp atım sayısı ve serum glikoz seviyesinin en yüksek olduğunu ortaya koydu (P

Su Sıcaklığının Yüzdürülen Küçük Cüsseli Köpeklerdeki Fizyolojik Etkileri

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of water temperature on heart rate and respiratory rate during swimming, as well as changes in rectal temperature, blood glucose and blood lactate before and after swimming. Twenty-one small breed dogs (male = 9, female = 12) were used as subjects of this study. Dogs swam for 20 min in different water temperatures: 25°C, 33°C and 37°C. Heart rate and respiratory rate were monitored every 5 min during swimming. Blood samples were obtained before and after swimming for analysis of glucose and lactate levels. Rectal temperature was measured before and after swimming. The results showed that dogs that swam in 25°C water had the highest heart rate and serum glucose level (significant difference, P<0.05). The highest respiration rate was found in dogs that swam in 37°C water (P<0.05). Serum lactate significantly (P<0.05) increased after 20 min swimming at all water temperatures. Thus, the dogs should swim in 33°C water to prevent tachycardia, hyperventilation and hyperthermia.

PDF

___

Fish FE: Metabolic effects of swimming velocity and water temperature n the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). Comp Biochem Physiol A, 75, 397-4001983.
Olby N, Halling KB, Glick TR: Rehabilitation for the neurologic patientVet Clin North Am: Small Anim Pract, 35, 1389-1409, 2005.
Wang TJ, Belza B, Elaine Thompson F, Whitney JD, Bennett K: Effects of aquatic exercise on flexibility, strength and aerobic fitness in adults with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Adv Nurs, 57, 141-152, 2007.
Nganvongpanit K, Yano T: Side effects in 412 dogs from swimming in a chlorinated swimming pool. Thai J Vet Med, 42, 281-286, 2012.
Noakes TD, Dugas JP, Dugas LR, Tucker R, Oksa J, Dunn J, Van der Merwe BS, Dirker JA, Porvari K, Smolander J: Body temperatures during three long-distance polar swims in water of 0-3°C. J Therm Biol34, 23-31, 2009.
Costill DL, Cahill PJ, Eddy D: Metabolic responses to submaximaexercise in three water temperatures. J Appl Physiol, 22, 628-632, 1967.
Mougios V, Deligiannis A: Effect of water temperature on performanceactate production and heart rate at swimming of maximal and submaximal intensity. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 33, 27-33, 1993.
Rodriguez D, Silva V, Prestes J, Rica RL, Serra AJ, Bocalini DSPontes JrFL: Hypotensive response after water-walking and landwalking exercise sessions in healthy trained and untrained women. Int J Gen Med, 4, 549-554, 2011.
Baker MA, Horvath SM: Influence of water temperature on hearate and rectal temperature of swimming rats. Am J Physiol, 207, 10731076, 1964.
Burton DA, Stokes K, Hall GM: Physiological effects of exercise. Br Anaesth, 4, 185-188, 2004.
Dawson CA, Nadel ER, Horvath SM: Cardiac output in the coldstressed swimming rat. Am J Physiol, 214, 320-325, 1968.
Doubt TJ: Physiology of excercise in the cold. Sports Med, 11, 367-3811991.
Galbo H, Houston ME, Christensen NJ, Holst JJ, Nielsen B, Nygaard E, Suzuki J: The effect of water temperature on the hormonal response o prolonged swimming. Acta Physiol Scand, 105, 326-337, 1979.
Holmér I, Bergh U: Metabolic and thermal response to swimming n water at varying temperatures. J Appl Physiol, 37, 702-705, 1974.
Huttunen P, Lando NG, Meshtsheryakov VA, Lyutov VA: Effects oong-distance swimming in cold water on temperature, blood pressure and stress hormones in winter swimmers. J Therm Biol, 25, 171-174, 2000
Macaluso F, Di Felice V, Boscaino G, Bonsignore G, Stampone T, Farina F, Morici G: Effects of three different water temperatures on dehydration in competitive swimmers. Science & Sports, 26, 265-2712009.
Nganvongpanit K, Kongsawasdi S, Chuatrakoon B, Yano T: Hearate change during aquatic exercise in small, medium and large healthy dogs. Thai J Vet Med, 41, 455-461, 2011.
Makinen T, Rintamaki H, Hohtola E, Hissa R: Energy cost and hermoregulation of unrestrained rats during excercise in the cold. Comp Biochem Physiol A, 114 (1): 57-63, 1996.
McArdle WD, Magel JR, Lesmes GR, Pechar GS: Metabolic and cardiovascular adjustment to work in air and water at 18, 25, and 33 degrees C. J Appl Physiol, 40, 85-90, 1976.
Knechtle B, Christinger N, Kohler G, Knechtle P, Rosemann T Swimming in ice cold water. Irish J Med Sci, 178, 507-511, 2009.
Bickelmann AG, Lippschutz EJ, Weinstein L: The response of the normal and abnormal heart to exercise: A functional evaluation. Circulation, 28, 238-250, 1963.
Casa DJ: Exercise in the heat. I. Fundamentals of thermal physiology, performance implications, and dehydration. J Athl Train, 34, 246-252, 1999.
Graham TE: Thermal, metabolic, and cardiovascular changes in men and women during cold stress. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 20, S185-S192, 1988.
Nadel ER, Holmér I, Bergh U, Åstrand PO, Stolwijk JAJ: Energy exchanges of swimming man. J Appl Physiol, 36, 465-471, 1974.
Nadel ER, Holmér I, Bergh U, Åstrand PO, Stolwijk JAJ: Thermoregulatory shivering during exercise. Life Sci, 13, 983-989, 1973.
Wilmore JH, Horvath SM: Alterations in peripheral blood flow consequent to maximal excercise. Am Heart J, 66, 353-362, 1963.
Marliss EB, Vranic M: Intense exercise has unique effects on both insulin release and its roles in glucoregulation. Diabetes, 51, 271-283, 2002.
Dawson CA, Nadel ER, Horvath SM: Arterial blood and muscle lactates during swimming in the rat. J Appl Physiol, 30, 322-327, 1971.
Wilber CG: Some factors which are correlated with swimming capacity in guinea pigs. J Appl Physiol, 14: 199-203, 1959.
Yang TL, Lissak K: Influence of the environmental temperature on physical performance, O2 consumption, blood lactic acid level and rectal temperature. Acta Physiol Acad Sci Hung, 17, 63-68, 1960.
Therminarias A, Flore P, Oddou-Chirpaz MF, Pellerei E, Quirion A: Influence of cold exposure on blood lactate response during incremental exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 58, 411-418, 1989.