Merinos ırkı sağlıklı gebe koyunların perifer kan lenfositlerinde alfa naftil asetat esteraz ve asit fosfataz aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi
Bu çalışma, Merinos ırkı koyunlarda gebeliğin perifer kan lenfositlerinin alfa naftil asetat esteraz (ANAE) ve asit fosfataz (ACP-az) aktiviteleri ile perifer kan lenfosit oranları üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Hayvanlardan her grupta 20şer adet olacak şekilde gebe olmayan-kontrol, bir aylık, iki aylık, üç aylık, dört aylık ve beş aylık gebeler olmak üzere toplam 6 dönemde perifer kanlar alındı. Histolojik incelemeler sonucunda en düşük ANAE pozitif-lenfosit oranı (%63.5) bir aylık gebe koyunlarda tespit edilirken aynı dönemde null lenfosit sayısı da en yüksek seviyede (%12.75) belirlendi. Gebeliğin son dönemindeki koyunların perifer kan lenfosit (%42.9) ve ACP-az pozitif lenfosit (%43.35) oranlarında da istatistiksel olarak önemli düşüşler gözlendi. Tüm gebelik dönemlerinde perifer kan lenfosit oranlarında hormonal değişimlerin neden olduğu düşünülen dalgalanmalar olsa da en belirgin değişimler gebeliğin ilk ve son dönemlerinde gözlendi. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların maternal toleransın olası mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayabileceği sonucuna varıldı.
Determination of the activity of alpha naphthyl acetate esterase and acid phosphatase of peripheral blood lymphocytes in healty pregnant merino sheep
This study was performed to determine the effects of pregnancy on the activities of alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and acid phosphatase (ACP-ase) of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in pregnant Merino sheep. Peripheral blood lymphocyte percentages were also estimated. Periferal blood samples were taken from animals in six different gestational stages as non-pregnant control, in the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth month of pregnancy. Each group was contained 20 animals. The lowest ANAE (+) lymphocytes percentage (63.5%) was determined in the first month of pregnancy whereas the highest null lymphocytes proportion (12.75%) was detected in the same gestational period. There were statistically decreases in the proportions of peripheral blood lymphocyte (42.9%) and the ACP-ase (+) lymphocytes (43.35%) in the last gestational stages. Although the posibble hormonal changes may cause the fluctuation of peripheral blood lymphocyte proportions in all gestational periods, the most distinctive changes were observed at the begining and at the end of the pregnancy. It was concluded that the data was obtained from this study was useful for understanding of the possible mechanisms of maternal tolerance.
___
- 1. Gnatek GG, Smith LD, Duby RT, Godkin JD: Maternal recognition of pregnancy in the goat: Effects of conceptus removal on interestrus intervals and characterization of conceptus protein production during early pregnancy. Biol Reprod, 41, 655-663, 1989.
- 2. Nasar A, Rahman A: Hormonal changes in the uterus during pregnancy- lessons from the ewe: A review. J Agric Rural Dev, 4 (1-2): 1-7, 2006.
- 3. Ostensen M, Sicher P, Förger F, Villiger PM: Activation markers of periferal blood mononuclear cells in late pregnancy and after delivery: A pilot study. Ann Rheum Dis, 64, 318-320, 2005.
- 4. Watches DC, Robinson RS, Mann GE, Lamming GE: The establishment of early pregnancy in cows. Reprod Dom Anim, 33, 279-284,1998.
- 5-Trowsdal J, Betz AG: Mothers little helpers: Mechanisms of maternal-fetal tolerance. Nature Immunol, 7 (3): 241-246, 2006.
- 6. Mahmoud F, Abul H, Omu A, Al-Rayes S, Haines D, Whaley K: Pregnacy- associated changes in peripheral blood lymphoctye subpopulations in normal Kuwaiti women. Gynecol Obstet Invest, 52, 232-236, 2001.
- 7. Medina KL, Smithson G, Kincade PW: Suppression of B lymphopoiesis during normal pregnancy. J Exp Med, 178, 1507-1515, 1993.
- 8. Agricola R, Carvallao H, Barbosa M, Pereira M, Medeiros JAS, Ferreira-Dias G: Blood lymphocyte subpopulations,neutropil phagocytosis and proteinogram during late pregnancy and postpartum in manes. Reprod Domest Anim, 43 (2): 212-217, 2008.
- 9. Mueller J, Brundel RG, Buerki H, Keller HU, Hess MW, Cottier H: Nonspesific acid esterase activity: A criterion for differentiation of T and B lymphocytes in mouse lymph nodes. Eur J Immunol, 5, 270-274, 1975.
- 10. Maiti NK, Saini SS, Sharma SN: Histochemical studies on chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes. Vet Res Commun, 14, 207-210, 1990.
- 11. Kajikawa O, Koyama H, Yashikawa T, Tsubaki S, Saito H: Use of alpha- naphthyl acetate esterase staining to identify T lymphocytes in cattle. Am J Vet Res, 44 (8): 1549-1552, 1983.
- 12. Çelik İ, Aştı RN, Ergene N: İnsan perifer kanındaki B, T ve Null lenfositleri nin esteraz sitokimyası ve yüzey immünoglobülinlerinin immünoenzimatik yöntemle boyanarak belirlenmesi. SÜ Tıp Fak Derg, 7 (4): 497-503, 1991.
- 13. Basso G, Cocito MG, Semenzato G, Pezzutto A, Zanesco L: Cytochemical study of thymocytes and T lymphocytes. Br J Haematol, 44, 577-582, 1980.
- 14. Sur E, Aydın İ, Öznurlu Y, Telatar T, Çelik İ: Sağlıklı gebe sığırların perifer kan lenfositlerinde alfa naftil asetat esteraz ve asit fosfataz aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi. Vet Bil Derg, 24 (2): 5-12, 2008.
- 15. SPSS: SPSS 10.0 for Windows. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL. 1999.
- 16. Barnea ER: Insight into early pregnancy events: The emerging role of the embryo. Am J Rep Immunol, 51, 319-322, 2004.
- 17. Hunt JS: Stranger in a strange land. Immunol Rev, 213, 36-47, 2006.
- 18. Martinez CM, Buendia AJ, Sanchez J, Navarro JA: Immunophenotypical characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations of the uterus of non-pregnant and pregnant goats. Anat Histol Embryol, 34, 240-246, 2005.
- 19. Dixon RJ, Moriarty KM: Alpha-naphthyl aeetate esterase activity is not a specific marker for ovine T Iymphocytes. Vet lmmunol Immunopathol, 4 (4): 505-512, 1983.
- 20. Higgy KE, Burns GF, Hayhoe FGJ: Discrimination of B, T and Null lymphocytes by esterase cytochemistry. Scand J Haematol, 18, 437-448, 1977.
- 21. Chiao JW, Dowling M, Good RA: Rosette formation of human null lymphocytes with Rhesus monkey erythrocytes. Clin Exp Immunol, 32, 498-503, 1978.
- 22. Hercend T, Meuer S, Reinherz EL, Schlossman SF, Ritz J: Generation of a cloned NK cell line derived from the null cell fraction of human peripheral blood. J Immunol, 129 (3): 1299-1305, 1982.
- 23. Herington JL, Bany BM: Effect of the conceptus on uterine natural killer cell numbers and functioning the mouse uterus during decidualization. Bio Reprod, 76, 579-588, 2007.
- 24. Saito S, Shiozaki A, Sasaki Y, Nakashima A, Shima T, Ito M: Regulatory T cells and regulatory natural killer (NK) cells play important roles in feto-maternal tolerance, Seminars in Immunopathol, 29 (2): 115-122, 2007.
- 25. Moretta A, Bottino C, Sivori S, Marcenaro E, Castriconi R, Chiesa MD, Carlomagno S, Augugliaro R, Nanni M, Vitale M, Millo R: Natural killer lymphocytes: Null cells no more. It J Anat Embryol, 106 (4): 335-342, 2001.
- 26. Koç A, Kanter M: Sıçanlarda implantasyonda endometriyum dokusunun hücresel ve sıvısal savunma sistemi hücreleri üzerinde histokimyasal ve histometrik araştırmalar. I. Hücresel savunma sistemi hücreleri. YYÜ Sağ Bil Derg, 6 (1-2): 122-130, 2000.
- 27. Sur E, Öznurlu Y, Özaydın T, Çelik İ: Gebe farelerde perifer kan T-lenfositlerinin oranı ve endometriyum dokusunda alfa naftil asetat esteraz (ANAE) ve asit fosfataz (ACP-az) pozitif lenfositlerin dağılımı. SÜ BAP Koordinatörlüğü, Porje No: 10401016, Konya, 2012.
- 28. Akbulut B: Sağlıklı gebelerin perifer kan lenfositlerinde bazı AgNOR parametreleri ve mikronükleus sıklığı ile alfa naftil asetat esteraz ve asit fosfataz aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniv. Sağlık Bil. Enst., 2010.
- 29. Andalip A, Rezaie A, Oreizy F, Baluchi S: The assesment of NK cytotoxicity and CD56+/CD16+ phenotype by flow-cytometry in PBL isolated from women eith recurrent spontaneus abortion. IJI, 2 (4): 213-219, 2005.
- 30. Pisek L, Travnicek J, Salat J, Kroupova V, Soch M: Changes in white blood cells in sheep blood during selenium supplementation. Veterinarni Medicina, 53 (5): 255-259, 2008.
- 31. Cuello F, Martinez R, Grosso C, Vivas A: Peripheral lymphocytes response to progesterone during early pregnancy in pig. REDVET, 7 (11): 1-7, 2006.
- 32. Wadhwa PD, Culhane JF, Rauh V, Barve SS: Stress and preterm Birth: Neuroendocrine, immune/inflammatory, and vascular mechanisms. Maternal and Child Health J, 5 (2): 119-125, 2001.
- 33. Kumarasamy V, Mitchell MD, Bloomfield FH, Oliver MH, Campbell ME, Challis JRG, Harding JE: Effects of periconceptional undernutrition on the initiation of parturition in sheep. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 288: R67-R72, 2005.
- 34. Menge C, Dean-Nystrom EA: Dexamethasone depletes γδT cells and alters the activation state and responsiveness of bovine peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations. J Dairy Sci, 91, 2284-2298, 2008.
- 35. Bilandžić N, imić B, Terzić S, and Žurić M: The influence of levamisole on cortisol concentration and peripheral blood in artificially stressed pigs. Vet Arc, 80 (4): 477-489, 2010.
- 36. Jenkin G, Young IR: Mechanisms responsible for parturition: The use of experimental models. Anim Reprod Sci, 82-83, 567-581, 2004.
- 37. Adams D, McKinley M: The sheep. Revised and Updated by: Ian Colditz and Christina Dart. ANZCCART Fact Sheet A9. The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 2009.