METİN PETEK, Fazlı ALPAY, Şerife Şule GEZEN, Recep ÇIBIK

Effcts of housing system and age on early stage egg production and quality in commercial laying hens

Bu çalışma barındırma sistemi ve yaşın ticari yumurtacı tavuklarda erken dönem yumurta verimi, kırık-çatlak yumurta oranı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma özellikleri ile iç ve dış yumurta kalite özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma kafes ve serbest dolaşımlı barındırma sistemlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede her iki gruba eşit olarak dağıtılmış Super Nick genotipinden toplam 320 adet yumurtacı tavuk kullanılmıştır. Kafes sisteminde her birinde 4 tavuk ve tavuk başına 750 cm2 zemin alanı bırakılan 40 kafes bölmesi yer almış, serbest dolaşımlı sistemde tavuk başına 2400 cm2 kapalı alan ve 10 m2 gezinti alanı bırakılmıştır. Her iki barınak grubunda her biri 40 tavuktan oluşan 4 tekrarlı grup yer almıtır. Deneme 22 - 38 haftalık yaş döneminde toplam 16 hafta devam etmiş, barınak sisteminin yanında 4’er haftalık dönemler halinde belirtilen özellikler üzerine yaşın etkisi incelenmiştir. Yumurta verimi, kırık-çatlak yumurta oranı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma üzerine barndrma sisteminin etkisi önemli bulunmuş, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma yaşla birlikte artartken, yumurta verimi ve kırık-çatlak yumurta oranı yaşla birlikte azalmıştır. Yumurta verimi, kırık-çatlak yumurta oranı, ak indeksi, ak pH ve Haugh birimi için barındırma sistemi x tavuk yaşı arası interaksiyonlar önemli bulunmuştur. Serbest dolaşımlı sistemde yumurta sarısı (P

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yumurta üretimi, yumurta kalitesi, hayvan barınakları, barındırma, yaş, yumurta albumini, yumurta sarısı, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta tavuğu, yumurta kabuğu, yumurta, yemden yararlanma, yem alımı, yumurtlama performansı, yumurta şekli, kümes hayvanları beslenmesi

Ticari yumurtacı tavuklarda barındırma sistemi ve yaşın erken dönem yumurta verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri

This study was made to investigate early stage egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake, feed consumption per produced egg and egg quality traits of a total of 320 hens (Super Nick) from 22 to 38 weeks of age housed in cage (40 experimental units, each containing 4 hens with a surface of 750 cm2 per bird) and freerange systems (consisting of fixed house and paddock for grazing; 2400 cm2 floor area with 10 m2 grazing area per bird). The effect of age on measured traits was investigated with 4 weeks intervals. Four replicates containing each 40 birds were designed for both of free-range and cage systems. The egg production and cracked egg percentage, daily feed intake and feed consumption per produced egg were different between housing systems. Regardless the housing system; daily feed intake and feed intake per produced egg increased, while egg production, cracked egg percentage decreased by the age of layer. Interactions between layer age and housing systems were found significant for egg production, cracked egg percentage, albumen index, albumen pH and haugh unit parameters. Yolk color (P<0.03) was considerably darker and shell thickness was significantly greater (P<0.01) in free-range eggs while albumen pH was significantly higher (P<0.01) in cage group. We concluded that egg production and quality traits were significantly affected by the housing system furthermore, maintaining external and internal egg quality parameters in constant state especially in free-range system appeared to be difficult.

Keywords:

egg production, egg quality, animal housing, housing, age, egg albumen, egg yolk, egg weight, hens, egg shell, eggs, feed conversion efficiency, feed intake, laying performance, egg shape, poultry feeding,

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