ÖZLEM SÖĞÜT, Fatih PERÇİN, SİBEL KONYALIOĞLU

Chemometric Classification of Some Elements in Wild and Farmed Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L1758)

Orkinos Thunnus thynnus 1758 (BFT) Scombridae familyasına ait olup, Atlantik Okyanusu, Ortadoğu ve Karadeniz'in subtropik bölgelerinde yaşayan doğal türlerindendir. 30 adet doğadan yakalanan, 30 adet orkinos çiftiğinden alınan toplam 60 T. thynnus örneğindeki esansiyal elementlerin (Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn) ve esansiyal olmayan toksik elementin (Pb) konsantrasyonları alev atomik absorpsiyon spektrometresi kullanılarak tayin edilmiştir. Besleme orkinoslar, kafeslerden alınırken doğal olanları büyük balık ağlarıyla yakalanmışlardır. Orkinosların beslenme şekillerini ve farklı dokularının farklılandırılması, sınıfl andırılması ve karakterize edilmesi için örnek tanımlama yöntemleri kullanılarak ön kemometrik çalışma yapılmıştır. Esas bileşen analizi (PCA), K en yakın komşular (KNN) gibi çok değişkenli kemometrik yöntemler, orkinosları türüne gore ve kimyasal bileşen temeline dayanarak sınıfl andırmak için kullanılmıştır. Kararlı oldukları için metal konsantrasyonları sistemin sınıfl andırılması için iyi bir aday olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, PCA işlemlerinin doğada ve kafesde büyütülen orkinosların farklılıklarının ortaya konmasında ve sınıfl andırılmasında yararlı bir yöntem olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Doğa ve Çiftlik Orkinoslarında (Thunnus thynnus L1758) Tespit Edilen Bazı Elementlerin Kemometrik Sınıfl andırması

Bluefin tuna Thnunnus thynnus 1758 (BFT) belongs to Scombridae family, is native species to subtropical regions of Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and Black Sea. The concentration some essential elements (Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn) and non-essential element (Pb) have been determined a total of 60 individuals of T. thynnus were collected: 30 captured in the wild and 30 sampled from a tuna farm using fl ame atomic absorption spectrometry. A preliminary chemometric study with the use of patttern recognition methods was carried out in order to characterise, classify and distinguish the diff erent parts BFT. Multivariate chemometric techniques such as principle component analysis (PCA) and K nearest neighbour (KNN) are used to classify BFT to their type and origin on the basis of chemical data. Metal concentrations seem to be good candidates for classification system, as they are stable. This study clearly reported that PCA procedures appear useful tools for diff erentiation and classification of wild and farmed BFT using the profile of trace elements.

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