Akıllı Turizm ve Süper Akıllı Turist Kavramları Işığında Geleceğin Turizm Rehberliğine Bakış

Günümüzde sıkça söz edilen ve Endüstri 4.0 olarak isimlendirilen dördüncü 
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toplum 5.0, Akıllı Turizm

The Overview of Future Tourism Guidance Under The Concepts of Smart Tourism and Super Smart Tourist

The new generation technologies such as robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, sensors, cognitive technologies, nanotechnology, quantum computing, wearable technologies, augmented reality, intelligent signaling, intelligent robots, big data, 3D have leaded the fourth industrial revolution, often referred to as Industry 4.0. The use of Industry 4.0 technologies in business life, communication and education has changed business environments and lifestyles. Therefore, the concept of Tourism 4.0 emerged because the tourism industry was rapidly affected by technology and began to adapt to these technologies. Especially, with the increase in the number of Z generation tourists technology has been used in tourism sector. In this context, the concept of super smart tourists, called Tourist 5.0, started to be discussed. The expectations of super smart tourists from professional tourist guides in the context of technology have also started to change. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the tourism guidance within the scope of the super-smart tourists of the future, to determine the usage areas of new generation technologies in the field of tourism guidance and to make recommendations for tourism guidance in this direction.

___

  • Ansal, H. (2016). İTÜ, bilim, teknoloji ve toplum. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Vakfı Dergisi, Ekim-Aralık(74), 12-17. Anttiroiko, A. V., Valkama, P. ve Bailey, S. J. (2014). Smart cities in the new service economy: building platforms for smart services. AI and Society, 29(3), 323-334.
  • Avdimiotis, S., Bonarou, C., Dermetzopoulos, A., Karamanidis, I., Mavrodontis, T., Kelessidis, V. ve Kalonaki, E. (2008). Global SWOT Analysis. A report produced for TOUREG Project, Technical University of Crete.
  • Bahar, M. (2018). Dikkat Z kuşağı geliyor. Erişim Tarihi Ocak 27, 2019, Erişim Linki, https://turizmdays.com/tr/makale/dikkat-z-kusagi-geliyor-180.html Boletsis, C. ve Chasanidou, D. (2018). Smart tourism in cities: exploring urban destinations with audio augmented reality. 11th Pervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments Conference, 26–29 June 2018, New York, USA, ss. 515-521.
  • Costa, J. M. (2018). Sociedade 5.0: a mudança que aí vem. Erişim Tarihi Ocak 13, 2019, Erişim Linki, https://hrportugal. pt/sociedade-5-0-a-mudanca-que-ai-vem/
  • Çimrin, H. (1995). Turizm ve turist rehberliğinin ABC’si. Antalya: Akdeniz Kitabevi. Del Vecchio, P., Mele, G., Ndou, V. ve Secundo, G. (2018). Creating value from social big data: Implications for smart tourism destinations. Information Processing Management, 54, 847-860.
  • Femenia-Serra, F., Neuhofer, B. ve Ivars-Baidal, J. A. (2019). Towards a conceptualisation of smart tourists and their role within the smart destination scenario. The Service Industries Journal, 39(2), 109-133.
  • Gretzel, U. (2011). Intelligent systems in tourism: a social science perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 757-779.
  • Gretzel, U., Werthner, H., Koo, C. ve Lamsfus, C. (2015). Conceptual foundations for understanding smart tourism ecosystems. Comupters in Human Behavior, 50, 558-563.
  • Harayama, Y. (2018). Society 5.0: Aiming for a new human centered society. collaborative creation through global R&D open innovation for creating the future. Hitachi Review, 66(6), 8-13.
  • Harrison, C., Eckman, B., Hamilton, R., Hartswick, P., Kalagnanam, J., Paraszczak, J. ve Williams, P. (2010). Foundations for smarter cities. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 54(4), 1-16.
  • Hayashi, H., Sasajima, H., Takayanagi, Y. ve Kanamaru, H. (2017). International standardization for smarter society in the field of measurement, control and automation. 56th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan, 19-22 Eylül 2017, Kanazawa, Japan.
  • Howard, J., Thwaites, R. ve Smith, B. (2001). Investigating the roles of the indigenous tour guide. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 12(2), 32-39.
  • Huanga, C.D., Gooa, J., Namb, K. ve Yoo, C.W. (2017). Smart tourism technologies in travel planning: The role of exploration and exploitation. Information & Management, 54, 757-770.
  • Kim, D. ve Kim, S. (2017). The role of mobile technology in tourism: Patents, articles, news, and mobile tour app reviews. Sustainability, 9(11), 2082.
  • Lamsfus, C., Wang, D., Alzua-Sorzabal, A. ve Xiang, Z. (2014). Going mobile defining context for on-the-go travelers. Journal of Travel Research, 54(6), 691-701.
  • Li, Y., Hu, C., Huang, C. ve Duan, L. (2017). The concept of smart tourism in the context of tourism information services. Tourism Management, 58, 293-300.
  • Lopez de Avila, A. (2015). Smart destinations: XXI century tourism. ENTER2015 Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, 4-6 February 2015, Lugano, Switzerland.
  • Mussina, K. P. ve Oryngazhiyeva, M. R. (2018). Smart cities as a tourist destination for smart travelers. Innovative Economy: Perspectives of Development and Improvement, 6(32), 12-16.
  • Palumbo F., Dominici G. ve Basile G. (2014). The culture on the palm of your hand: How to design a user oriented mobile app for museums. In L. Aiello (Ed.), Management of cultural products: e-relationship marketing and accessibility perspectives, (ss. 224-243). America: IGI Global.
  • Sawyer (2019). High performance collaborative robot. Erişim Tarihi Şubat 02, 2019, Erişim Linki: https://www.rethinkrobotics.com /sawyer.
  • Senbir, H. (2004). Z son insan mı?. İstanbul: O Kitaplar.
  • Sigala, M. ve Chalkiti, K. (2014). Investigating the exploitation of web 2.0 for knowledge management in the Greek tourism industry: an utilisation–importance analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 800-812.
  • Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N., Çelik, P. ve Bahar, M. (2018e). Turizm 4.0 - Turist 5.0: insan devriminin neden endüstri devrimlerinden bir numara önde olduğuna ilişkin bakış. Journal of Tourism Intelligence and Smartness, 1(2), 1-11.
  • Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. ve Çuhadar, M. (2018a). Endüstri devrimleri ve turizm: Türkiye turizm 4.0 SWOT analizi ve geçiş süreci önerileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 23, Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı, 1623-1638.
  • Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. ve Bahar, M. (2018b). Endüstri 4.0 çağında ‘akıllı’ olma yolunda oteller için öneriler. 2. Uluslararası Turizmin Geleceği Kongresi, 27-29 Eylül 2018, Mersin, ss. 252-256.
  • Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. ve Akıncı, Z. (2018c). Akıllı turizm: “akıllı çözümler üretemeyen turizm işletmeleri rekabet edemeyecek mi?”. 9th International Conference of Strategic Research on Scientific Studies and Education, 19-21 October 2018, Antalya, ss. 259-272.
  • Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. ve Çelik, P. (2018d). Yeni nesil turist kartları: Antalya destinasyonu turist kartı önerisi. Uluslararası Antalya Kongresi, 1-3 Mart, Antalya, ss. 1321-1333.
  • Topsakal, Y. ve Çelik, P. (2017). Turizmde yeni bir strateji: akıllı destinasyonlar. İçinde G. Haşit, Ç. Hakkı ve Merter, M. E. (Ed.)., Sosyo-Ekonomik Stratejiler II: İşletme (ss. 96 106). London: IJOPEC.
  • Topsakal, Y. (2018). Akıllı turizm kapsamında engelli dostu mobil hizmetler: Türkiye turizm için öneriler. Journal of Tourism Intelligence and Smartness, 1(1), 1-13. TUREB (Turist Rehberleri Birliği) (2006). Turist rehberleri kataloğu. İstanbul: TUREB Yayını.
  • Wang, X., Li, X.R., Zhen, F. ve Zhang, J. (2016). How smart is your tourist attraction? Measuring tourist preferences of smart tourism attractions via a FCEM-AHP and IPA approach. Tourism Management, 54, 309-320.
  • Wang, F., Yuan, Y., Wang, X. ve Qin, R. (2018). Societies 5.0: A new paradigm for computational social systems research. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 5(1), 2-8.
  • Washburn, D., Sindhu, U., Balaouras, S., Dines, R. A., Hayes, N. ve Nelson, L. E. (2010). Helping CIOs understand smart city initiatives. Erişim Tarihi Şubat 10, 2019, Erişim Linki: http://www.uwforum.org /upload/board/forrester_help_cios_smart_city.pdf
  • Yüzbaşıoğlu, S. (2012). Kuşaklar X, Y, Z Diye Ayrıştı Pazarlamacıların Kafası Karıştı. Erişim Tarihi: Temmuz 15, 2019, Erişim Linki: https://www.dunya.com/ozel-dosya/isim iletisim/kusaklar-x-y-z-diye-ayristi-pazarlamacilarin-kafasi-karisti-haberi-171279
  • Yüzbaşıoğlu, N., Çelik, P., Topsakal, Y. ve Bahar, M. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 ve akıllı turizm: Antalya destinasyonu akıllı turist rehberi uygulama geliştirilmesi. Innovation and Global Issues in Social Sciences III, 26-29 Nisan 2018, Antalya, ss. 707-718.
  • Zhang, L., Li, N. ve Liu, M. (2012). On the basic concept of smarter tourism and its theoretical system. Tourism Tribune, 27(5), 66-73.