Fatma YUVAYAPAN

İngilizce derslerinde dil alaşımı: Öğretmenlerin tutumları ve uygulamaları

Bireylerin anadil uygulamalarının yabancı dil öğrenimlerini geliştirdiği düşüncesi iki dilliğe dayalı birçok yöntemin oluşturulmasını sağlamıştır ve bunlardan biri de dil alaşımı metodudur. Bu terim sadece iki dil arasında basit geçişler anlamına gelmemektedir, tam aksine iki dilin sistematik bir şekilde bir dil öğrenimi aktivesinde kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada İngilizce öğretmenlerinin dil alaşımı metodu ile ilgili tutum ve uygulamaları bir anket yoluyla ortaya konmuştur. Sınıf içi gözlemleriyle bu metodun sınıflarda nasıl uygulandığı araştırılmıştır ve yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle öğretmenlerin tutum ve uygulamalarındaki farkların nedeni belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları Türkiye’de devlet ve özel okullarda çalışan İngilizce öğretmenleridir. Anketteki Likert-tipi sorular tanımlayıcı istatistik ile açık uçlu sorular, sınıf-içi gözlemler ve yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapısal kodlama metodu ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar İngilizce öğretmenlerin tutum ve uygulamalarının aynı olmadığını göstermiştir. Bu öğretmenler bazı durumlarda dil alaşımı metoduna karşı olumlu tutumlara sahip oldukları halde, kurumların, velilerinin ve meslektaşlarının beklentileri doğrultusunda bu metodu derslerinde kullanmamaktadır.

Translanguaging in EFL classrooms: Teachers’ perceptions and practices

The belief that the native language practices of individuals improve their competence in a foreign language gaverise to a number of bilingual language pedagogies, one of which is translanguaging. This term does not merelyrefer to switching between two languages, on the contrary, it involves a systematic use of two languages in aparticular language teaching activity. In this study, English language teachers’ perceptions of translanguaging wereexamined through a questionnaire. Classroom observations were done to examine for what purposes they applythe use of L1 in their teaching and semi-structured interviews were done to figure out the reasons of the differencesbetween their perceptions and actual use of L1. The participants of the study were English language teachers (EFL)who work at state and private schools in Turkey. The Likert-type items in the questionnaire were analyzedquantitatively using descriptive statistics and the data gathered from open-ended questions in the questionnaire,classroom observations and semi-structured interviews were exposed to structural-coding analysis. The resultsshowed that EFL teachers’ perceptions were not akin to their practices. Although they held positive views abouttranslanguaging in some particular situations, they did not frequently employ this pedagogy due to the expectationsof their institutions, colleagues and parents of their students.

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