Erbil ERGENEKON, Serdar ARİSAN, N. Cem SÖNMEZ, Ömer Onur ÇAKIR

Polymerase chain reaction is a good diagnostic tool for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in urine samples

Tuberküloz gelişmekte olan ülkelerde oldukça önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Uriner sistemde meydana gelen tuberküloz ise pek yaygın değildir. Ancak spesifik olmayan klinik bulguları yüzünden ve değişken radyolojik görünümü ve diğer patolojik lezyonları taklit ettiği için önemli bir klinik problem halini almıştır. Şüpheli bakterial populasyonların tanısı doğrudan smear alarak gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Ancak alınan sonuçlar sıklıkla negatif veya tüberküloz tipi olmayan mikobakterileri tanımlamaktadır. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) küçük miktarlarda genomları spesifik genom dizilerinde çoğaltmayı hedefleyen bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. İdrarda çok az miktarda bulunan bakteriler 24-48 saat içerisinde bu yolla teşhis edilebilmektedir. Bundan ötürü, PCR uriner sistem tuberküloz tanısında oldukça umut vadeden bir araçtır.

İdrar örneklerinde Mycobacterium tuberculosis tanısı için polimeraz zincir reaksiyonunun kullanımı

Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in developing countries. Tuberculosis of the urinary tract is not uncommon in all over world, and it continues to be an important clinical problem, mainly because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and variable radiographic appearance, which often mimic other pathologic lesions. Detection of suspects bacterial population; direct smears can be used but they are often negative and do not differentiate tuberculosis from nontuberculous mycobacterium. Culture, which is more sensitive, takes 6 to 8 weeks because of the slow growth rate of mycobacterium. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify extremely small amounts of a specific genomic sequence rapidly. The presence of an extremely small number of bacteria can thus be detected within 24 to 48 hours. Therefore PCR is a promising tool for rapid detection of urinary tract tuberculosis in urine samples.

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