Palavan Narçin ÜNSAL, İsmail IŞIL, Meral ÜNAL

Effects of spermidine, spermine and cyclohexylamine on mitotic activity of 2X, 4X and 6X wheats

Bu çalışmada, spermidin (Spd), spermin (Spm) ve sikloheksilamin'nin (CHA), diploid (Triticum monococcum L.), tetraploid (T. durum Desf.) ve heksaploid (T. aestivum L.) buğdaylarda tohum çimlenmesi, kök uzaması, mitotik indeks ve kromozomların davranışına etkileri incelendi. Poliaminler üç türde de tohum çimlenmesini inhibe etti. CHA diploidlerde ve tetraploidlerde tohum çimlenmesini inhibe ederken, heksaploidlerde çimlenmeyi teşvik etti. Spd, Spm ve CHA üç türün kök uzamasını inhibe etti. Spd ve Spm diploidlerde ve tetraploidlerde mitotik indekste inhibisyona neden olurken, heksaploidlerde Spd artışa, Spm ise düşüşe neden oldu. CHA üç türün kök uçlarında da mitoz bölünme frekansını düşürdü. Her üç türün kontrol grubunda da mitotik anormallikler gözlendi. Bu anormallikler bozuk metafaz tablası, anafazda kromozom köprüleri, eşit olmayan dağılım, geç kalan kromozomlar, çok kutuplu iğ ipliği şeklinde özetlenebilir. Spd, Spm ve CHA üç türde de anormallik yüzdesini etkiledi. Sonuçlar, kök uzamasındaki inhibisyonun bu maddelerin mitotik indeksi düşürmelerinden kaynaklandığını gösterdi.

Spermidin, spermin ve sikloheksilaminin 2X, 4X ve 6X buğdaylarda mitotik aktiviteye etkileri

The effects of spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm) and cyclohexylamine (CHA) on seed germination, root elongation, mitotic index and chromosomal behavior were studied in diploid (Triticum monococcum L.), tetraploid (T. durum Desf.) and hexaploid (T. aestivum L.) wheats. The polyamines (PA) inhibited seed the germination in three species. CHA inhibited seed germination in diploid and tetraploid species, but it showed a stimulation in hexaploid seeds. Spd, Spm and CHA reduced root elongation in three species. Spd and Spm decreased mitotic index in diploids and tetraploids. In hexaploids, Spd slightly increased the division frequency whereas Spm decreased it. The root tips of the three species treated with CflA showed maximum inhibition in mitotic index. Some mitotic abnormalities like unoriented metaphase, anaphase bridges, unequal distribution, laggards, multipolar spindle fibers were observed in the control groups of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid. Spd, Spm and CHA affected the percentages of aberrations. Our results suggested that the reason of the inhibition in root elongation was due to the reduction in the mitotic index.

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