Küçük, Parçalı ve Atomlaşmış Dünyanın Müzik Sosyolojisindeki Yeni Kavramları

Modernizm, postmodernizm ve küreselleşmenin önde gelen teorisyenleri, yirmi birinci yüzyıl dünyasının, birleştirici ve tektipleştirici güçler ile atomlaştırıcı, parçalayıcı ve bölük pörçükleştirici güçlerin, kendilerini ve birbirilerini gerçekleştirme mekanizmaları tarafından şekillendirildiğinde artık hemfikirler. Bu mutabakatın uzantılarını 1990’lardan itibaren müzik sosyolojisi literatüründe de gözlemlemek mümkündür. Öyle ki yirminci yüzyılın ilk yarısında standartlaşma, tektipleşme, endüstrileşme, ticarileşme gibi süreçlere yoğunlaşan ilgi, giderek daha fazla büyük resmin dışında kalan, parçalı, küçük ve yerel birimleri anlamaya yöneldi; böylece her biri farklı derecelerde parçalanmaya, ayrıksılaşmaya, kimi zaman da etkileşimle iç içe geçmeye işaret eden birimleri anlama çabasına dönük yeni kavram ve çerçeveler dolaşıma girdi. Bu makale küçük, parçalı ve atomlaşmış müzik yaşamı analizlerinde ağırlıklı olarak benimsenen sahne (scene), mikromüzikler (micromusics), music milieu ve minör müzik (musique mineure) gibi yeni kavram ve çerçevelerin kapsadıkları, dışladıkları ya da boş bıraktıkları alanları saptayarak müzik sosyolojisindeki kullanımlarını ele almakta; aynı zamanda evrimci biyoloji, ekoloji ve ekonomi çalışmalarında kullanılan niş (niche) kavramını müzik sosyolojisi çalışmaları için önererek küçük ve yerel birimlerin yorumlanmasına genişlik kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sahne, Mikromüzikler, Music milieu, Minör müzik, Niş

The New Concepts of the Little, Divided, and Atomized World in the Sociology of Music

Leading theoreticians of modernism, postmodernism, and globalism now agree that the 21st century world is being shaped by unifying and standardizing forces as well as atomizing, dividing, and fragmenting forces through their self-fulfilling mechanisms and awareness of each other. The traces of this agreement can also be found in the literature of music sociology since the 1990s. Indeed, the concentrated interest in the processes of standardization, industrialization, and commercialization during the first half of the 20th century has gradually shifted toward units that stay out of the big picture and are fragmented, small, and local. In an effort to understand such units, new concepts, and theoretical frameworks -each of which refers to fragmentation, differentiation, and sometimes intertwinement through interaction- have been brought into circulation. This article deals with new concepts and theoretical frameworks, such as scene, micromusics, music milieu, and musique mineure as they are found in the analyses of small, fragmented, and atomized musical life within music sociology literature. It aims to determine their scope and limits and also to expand the analysis of small and local units by exploring the concept of niche, which is used in evolutionary biology, ecology, and economy studies.

Keywords:

Scene, Micromusics, Music milieu, Musique mineure, Niche,

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