Küresel Emisyon Ticareti Sistemi İçin Bir Model: Avrupa Birliği Emisyon ticareti Programı

Avrupa Birliği (AB) Emisyon Ticareti Programı (ETS), 50 milyar Amerikan dolarını bulan piyasa değeri, 4.000 firma ve 13.000’i aşkın tesisi içeren kapsamı ile 1 Ocak 2005 tarihinden bu yana işlev görmektedir. ETS, AB’nin Kyoto Protokolü hedefi olan 2012 yılına kadar emisyonunu 1990 yılındaki seviyesinin ortalama %8 aşağısına indirmesini sağlamak üzere hayata geçirildi. Bu makenin amacı, iklim değişimi ile mücadelede ETS’nin küresel bir emisyon ticareti sistemine model olup olamayacağı sorusunu cevaplandırmaktır. Makalenin ilk bölümünde ETS’in detaylı bir analizi; güçlü ve zayıf yanları, sunacağı fırsatlar, içinde bulunduğu eğilim ve aşması gereken engeller eşliğinde yapılmaktadır. İkinci bölümde ise, ETS’in küresel emisyon ticareti sistemininin hayata geçirilmesinde nasıl ve ne kadar etkin bir rol oynayabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.

European Union Emission Trading Scheme: A Model for Global Emission Trading System

The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) became reality on 1 January 2005 with around USD 50 billion worth of carbon allowances allocated annually across the 25 EU member countries covering some 13,000 installations and up to 4,000 companies. The EU ETS was designed to help the EU meet its Kyoto Protocol target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 8% below its 1990 level until 2012. This article aims at answering whether the EU ETS would be a model for a global emissions trading scheme in the fight against climate change. By offering a detailed SWOTT analysis, this article first delves into strengths and weaknesses of the EU ETS and later offers an evaluation of to what extent it provides a road map for a global emissions trading system that would be a major part of a truly global cooperation in combating this global problem.

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