Türkiye’nin COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında yaptığı uluslararası insani yardımların kavramsal çerçevesi

Türkiye, COVID-19 (Koronavirüs)’ün Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmesinden sonra birçok ülkeye virüsle mücadelelerinde katkıda bulunmak için insani yardımda bulunmuştur. İnsani diplomasinin bir parçası olan ve uluslararası insani hukuka dayanan insani yardım kavramı genel olarak dış yardımları konu alan akademik çalışmaların bir parçası olarak literatürde yer bulmaktadır. Kavramsal bir çalışma olan bu makale konuyla ilgili olan dış yardım, resmi kalkınma yardımları, kamu kalkınması yardımları, insani yardım, afet ve acil durum yardımları, insani diplomasi, afet diplomasisi gibi kavramların tanımlamalarını yaparak, bu kavramların akademik literatürde ve pratikte kullanımlarındaki tanımsal sorunların çözümüne katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çizilen kavramsal çerçevede Türkiye COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında geleneksel olarak kamu kalkınması ve insani yardım yaptığı en az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin dışında, afet yardımları kavramı tanımına uygun olarak COVID-19’la mücadelede kendi kapasitelerinin üzerinde bir insani krizle karşı karşıya kalan gelişmiş ülkelere de yardımlarda bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, koronavirüs, insani yardım, dış yardım, afet yardımları, afet diplomasisi

Conceptual framework of Turkey's humanitarian assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Since COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), Turkey has been giving humanitarian aid to countries with emergency medical supply needs in their struggle with the virus. Having its foundation in International Humanitarian Law and as a part of humanitarian diplomacy, humanitarian aid is a part of the foreign aid literature. This conceptual article aims to clarify definitions and usage of related concepts such as foreign aid, official development assistance, public development aid, humanitarian aid, disaster and emergency aid, humanitarian diplomacy, and disaster diplomacy. During COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to traditional recipients of Turkish official development aid composed of least-developed and developing countries, in line with disaster aid concept Turkey has helped several developed nations struggling with managing COVID-19 pandemic by their own means.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Coronavirus, humanitarian aid, foreign aid, disaster aid, disaster diplomacy,

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