Ecological Aspects of Allelopathy

Plants, one of the biotic factors of the ecosystem, secrete a number of chemical compounds that can change environmental factors as well as they are affected by environmental changes. These compounds, called allelochemicals, most of which are secondary metabolites, are produced as a sub-branch of their primary metabolic pathways. Besides the direct effect of allelochemicals on growth and development of other plants, they are released from decomposed plant residues and cause indirect allelopathic effects by changing the activity of microorganisms in the environment. It also has indirect environmental impacts on soil bioavailability by preventing microbial symbiosis activities in the soil, preventing nitrogen fixation, nutrient uptake and changing nutrients in the soil. It can affect the plant species and variety in the environment and cause significant changes in natural vegetation and plant communities in the long term. Over time, plant succession occurs, which is defined as the dominant species replacing other species. As a result, allelopathy is a complex phenomenon that causes clear changes at many subsystem levels of the ecosystem. Therefore, allelopathic interactions should be analyzed at the ecosystem level rather than at the population level and their multi-directional effects should be evaluated with a holistic approach.

Keywords:

Allelochemical, Mycorrhizae, Plant biodiversity Plant succession,

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