Yaratıcılık Kavramı ile İlişkili Kuramsal Yaklaşımlar

Yaratıcılık kavramı yüzyıllardır tüm duyuşsal ve düşünsel etkinliklerde, her türlü çalışma ve uğraşın içinde varlığını gösteren bir olgudur. Bu bağlamda yaratıcılık kavramı farklı disiplinlerden araştırmacılar tarafından o disiplinin dinamiklerine bağlı olarak farklı açılardan ele almakta ve farklı tanımlamalar yapılmaktadır. Birçok farklı disiplinin üzerinde teoriler ürettiği; yalın tanımlamalara sığmayan, çok boyutlu bir fenomen olarak yaratıcılık kavramı farklı açılardan ele alınarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Yaratıcılığın tanımlamaları irdelendiğinde araştırmacı ve eğitimcilerin tanımlamalarının, net bir şekilde yaratıcılığın tek bir özelliğine vurgu yapmadığı saptanmaktadır. Bu makale kapsamında, çoğunlukla yenilik ve problem çözme ile özdeşleştirilen yaratıcılığı doğru bir biçimde ortaya koyabilmek için, yaratıcılık kavramına yaratıcı kişi, yaratıcı süreç, yaratıcı ürün açısından yaklaşarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Günümüze kadar yapılmış olan yaratıcılık tanımlamaları bilim dallarına göre ayrılarak irdelenmiş, bu tanımlamaların yaratıcılığın yaratıcı kişi, yaratıcı süreç, yaratıcı ürün özelliklerinden hangisi ya da hangileri ile ilişkili olduğu incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu ilişkiler çeşitli diyagramlarla özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaratıcılık, Kuramsal Yaklaşımlar, Kişi, Süreç

Theoretical Approaches towards the Concept of Creativity

The concept of creativity is a long issue by now which makes itself felt both in affective and intellectual activities as well as exist in many study and occupational groups. In this framework, the concept of creativity is treated from different dimensions by the researchers from various disciplines and thus different definitions of the concept emerged. The concept of creativity is also one for which many theories were put forward by many different disciplines and which far exceeds the limits of the simple definitions with its multi-dimensional phenomena has been classified from different angels. When the definitions of creativity by researchers and educators are seen, it becomes clear that the emphasis is made more than only one feature of the concept. Within the framework of this article, with the purpose of better defining the concept of creativity which is mostly identified with innovations and problem solving skills, it seems that there is a need to evaluate the concept in terms of various dimensions such as creative person, creative process, and creative product. The definitions of the concept were classified and examined according to disciplines and the extent to which these definitions highlight which particular features of the concept such as creative person, creative process and creative product were investigated. Various diagrams were used to show these relations.

Keywords:

Creativity, Theoretical Approaches, Person, Process,

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