İklim Değişikliği ve Para Politikası: Türkiye için bir Değerlendirme

İnsan faaliyetleriyle önemli ölçüde ilişkili olan iklim değişikliği, finansal ve ekonomik faaliyetleri derinden etkilemektedir. Aşırı hava olayları ve aşamalı küresel ısınmadan kaynaklanan fiziksel riskler ile düşük karbonlu bir ekonomiye uyum sürecinde karşılaşılan geçiş dönemi riskleri, belirsizlikler yaratmakta ve arz ve talep şoklarına sebep olmaktadır. Ekonomilerde yaşanan bu belirsizlikler ve oynaklıklar, fiyat istikrarını ve finansal istikrarı etkilemekte ve dolayısıyla para politikasının uygulanmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu olgular, para politikası stratejisinde iklim değişikliğinin olası etkilerini de barından yeni bir bakış açısını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede uluslararası deneyimler derlenerek, Türkiye’de para politikası uygulamaları için çıkarımlarda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası, iklim risklerini hafifletebilmek adına iklim değişikliğinin ekonomik etkilerini makroekonomik modellere dahil etmeli, çevreci sektörleri ve çevreci tahvilleri teşvik etmeli, ulusal ve küresel çapta işbirlikleri geliştirmelidir.

Climate Change and Monetary Policy: An Evaluation for Turkey

Climate change, which is significantly related to human activities, deeply affects financial and economic activities. The physical risks arising from extreme weather events and gradual global warming as well as the transition risks encountered in adapting to a low-carbon economy create uncertainties and cause supply and demand shocks. These uncertainties and volatilities in economies affect price stability and financial stability and thus make it difficult to implement monetary policy. These facts make essential a new perspective on the possible effects of climate change in the monetary policy strategy. This study, it is aimed to make inferences for monetary policy practices in Turkey by compiling international experiences in the fight against climate change. To mitigate climate risks, the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey should include the economic effects of climate change in macroeconomic models, encourage green sectors and green bonds, and develop national and global collaborations.

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