The purpose of this research is to understand the young amenity migrants’ motivations, health and welfare
conditions, spatial adaptation periods and the socioeconomic change they exert on places they migrate. The
research, which is conducted with the qualitative method, is based on interviews conducted on internet (6),
YouTube videos (10) and interviews of celebrities in the media (5). Different data sources were used in the
form of triangulation (14 W, 12 M). The data collected from small places such as Bodrum, Kuşadası, Datça,
Gökçeada and Ayvalık consisted of people who migrated from big cities before retirement that were chosen
among subcategories based on gender, socioeconomic status, city of origin and health status. The findings were
analysed with axial coding in line with the concepts included in the open coding according to the grounded
theory. The reasons for migration were summarized as escaping from the chaos and system of the city. The
post-migration changes of immigrants were revealed as human relations, time, nature relationships, trust,
system, productivity and minimalism. In addition, it is understood that some immigrants miss the comfort,
socio-cultural opportunities, social environment and infrastructure facilities of the city. According to relational
sociology, space is not independent of time and is in a constant relationship with humans, physical location and
social status (power). The reverse migration phenomenon, which has been observed recently, presents that
individuals whose satisfaction with urban life decreases are willing to migrate to nature-oriented, small, quiet
settlements. Welfare immigration, which is generally researched as retirement immigration, is also emerging as
a "lifestyle immigration" seeking a less crowded, healthy, cheap and quality life rather than economic concerns
in the post-industrial era. While this phenomenon is concentrated in coastal, historical, mountainous, rural and
touristic places, it affects individuals' biopsychosocial (BPS) health status. The analyzed data shows that welfare
immigrants are divided into typologies: Agroeco Immigrants, Micro-Urbans and Bohemians.

Ters Göç, Refah ve Mekân İlişkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı genç refah göçmenlerinin göç motivasyonları, sağlık ve refah durumları, mekânsal uyum süreçleri ile gittikleri yerlerdeki sosyoekonomik değişimleri anlamaktır. Nitel yöntemle yürütülen araştırmada, internet üzerinden gerçekleştirilen mülakatlar (6), YouTube videoları (10) ve ünlülerin medyada yer alan röportajları (5) sac ayağı şeklinde veri kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır (14 K, 12 E). Bodrum, Kuşadası, Datça, Gökçeada ve Ayvalık gibi küçük yerleşim yerlerinden toplanan veriler cinsiyet, sosyoekonomik statü, geldikleri şehir ile sağlık durumlarına göre alt kategorilere ayrılan ve emeklilikten önce büyük şehirlerden küçük yerlere göç eden kişilerden oluşmuştur. Bulguların analizi temellendirilmiş kurama göre açık kodlamalarda yer alan kavramlar doğrultusunda eksenel kodlama ile yapılmıştır. Göç sebepleri şehrin keşmekeşi ve sisteminden kaçmak olarak belirlenen göçmenlerin göç sonrası değişim temaları insan ilişkileri, vakit, doğa ilişkisi, güven, sistem, üretkenlik ve minimalizm olarak ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca bir kısım göçmenin şehrin konforunu, sosyokültürel imkanlarını, sosyal çevresini ve altyapı olanaklarını özlediği tespit edilmiştir. İlişkisel sosyolojik olarak mekân, zamandan bağımsız değildir ve insan fiziki konum, sosyal statüler (güç) ile sürekli bir ilişki içerisindedir. Özellikle son zamanlarda gözlemlenen ters göç olgusu kent yaşamında memnuniyeti düşen bireylerin doğaya dönük, küçük, sakin yerleşim yerlerine göç etme isteğinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Genellikle emekli göçü olarak araştırılan refah göçmenliği postendüstriyel günümüzde, ekonomik kaygılardan ziyade daha az kalabalık, sağlıklı, ucuz ve kaliteli bir yaşam arayan “yaşam biçimi göçü” olarak da ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu durum kıyı kentleri, tarihsel, dağlık, kırsal ve turistik mekanlarda yoğunlaşırken bireylerin biyopsikososyal (BPS) sağlık durumunu etkilemektedir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda refah göçmenlerinin Agroeko Göçmenler, Mikro-Kentliler ve Bohemler olarak tipolojilere ayrıldığı gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Refah Göçü, İlişkisel Mekân, Biyopsikososyal (BPS) Model, Yaşam Memnuniyeti, Türkiye.

Relationship of Reverse Migration, Welfare and Space

The purpose of this research is to understand the young amenity migrants’ motivations, health and welfare conditions, spatial adaptation periods and the socioeconomic change they exert on places they migrate. The research, which is conducted with the qualitative method, is based on interviews conducted on internet (6), YouTube videos (10) and interviews of celebrities in the media (5). Different data sources were used in the form of triangulation (14 W, 12 M). The data collected from small places such as Bodrum, Kuşadası, Datça, Gökçeada and Ayvalık consisted of people who migrated from big cities before retirement that were chosen among subcategories based on gender, socioeconomic status, city of origin and health status. The findings were analysed with axial coding in line with the concepts included in the open coding according to the grounded theory. The reasons for migration were summarized as escaping from the chaos and system of the city. The post-migration changes of immigrants were revealed as human relations, time, nature relationships, trust, system, productivity and minimalism. In addition, it is understood that some immigrants miss the comfort, socio-cultural opportunities, social environment and infrastructure facilities of the city. According to relational sociology, space is not independent of time and is in a constant relationship with humans, physical location and social status (power). The reverse migration phenomenon, which has been observed recently, presents that individuals whose satisfaction with urban life decreases are willing to migrate to nature-oriented, small, quiet settlements. Welfare immigration, which is generally researched as retirement immigration, is also emerging as a "lifestyle immigration" seeking a less crowded, healthy, cheap and quality life rather than economic concerns in the post-industrial era. While this phenomenon is concentrated in coastal, historical, mountainous, rural and touristic places, it affects individuals' biopsychosocial (BPS) health status. The analyzed data shows that welfare immigrants are divided into typologies: Agroeco Immigrants, Micro-Urbans and Bohemians.

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