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ETİYOPYA KADIN HAKLARI HUKUKU

Etiyopya, uluslararası insan hakları ve kadın hakları belgelerinin çoğunu onaylamıştır. 1995 Etiyopya Anayasası’nda genel olarak eşitlik ilkesi ve özel olarak kadın hakları ilkeleri yer almaktadır. Etiyopya Anayasası ülkenin en yüce kanunu olduğundan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ve kadın haklarına ilişkin anayasal ilkeler ile çelişen herhangi bir yasa ve hükümet kararının hiçbir etkisi yoktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Etiyopya kanunlarını Anayasa’daki toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ilkesi ile kadın haklarına uygunluğu açısından analiz etmektir. Bu çerçevede Gözden Geçirilmiş Aile Kanunu ile Ceza Kanunu’nun kadın haklarına ilişkin olan hükümleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuç, adı geçen iki temel yasanın da kadın haklarının hayata geçirilmesine yönelik olarak önceki kanunlara göre bazı iyileştirmeler içerdiği, fakat buna rağmen Etiyopya’nın taraf olduğu uluslararası antlaşmaların gerektirdiği seviyede bir kadın hakları koruması sağlama noktasında hâlâ yetersiz olduklarıdır. Bu çalışmanın paydaşlara kadın haklarının Etiyopya’daki durumu hakkında bilgi vermesi ve ayrıca Etiyopya’da kadın haklarıyla ilgili daha ileri çalışmalar için bir referans belge olarak kullanılması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İnsan hakları, Etiyopya'da kadın hakları, cinsiyet eşitliği.

ETHIOPIAN WOMEN’S RIGHTS LAW

Ethiopia ratified most of the international instruments on human rights and women’s rights. The 1995 Ethiopian Constitution contains the principle of equality generally and women’s rights specifically. Since the Ethiopian Constitution is the supreme law of the land, any law and government decision contradicting with the constitutional principles of gender equality and women’s rights shall be of no effect. The aim of this paper is to analyze laws of Ethiopia in terms of their conformity with the principle of gender equality and women’s rights in the Constitution. Within this context, women’s right-related provisions of the Revised Family Code and the Criminal Code were discussed. The conclusion reached in the paper is that although both above-mentioned main codes contain some improvements with respect to the previous codes, toward the realization of women’s rights, they are still insufficient on the point of providing a women’s rights protection required by the international conventions that Ethiopia is a party to. It is expected that this study will inform stakeholders about the status of women’s rights in Ethiopia and to be used as a reference document for further study in relation to women’s rights in Ethiopia.

Keywords:

Human rights, women’s right in Ethiopia, gender equality.,

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