2015

Akılcı Olmayan Evlilik Beklentilerinin Gelişiminde Televizyon Dizilerinin Etkisi

Bu çalışma televizyon izleme süresi, televizyonda izlenen dizilerin türleri ile akılcı olmayan evlilik beklentileri arasındaki ilişkiyi çözümlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla 349 üniversite öğrencisiyle anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmada verileri toplamak amacı ile Sarı (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Romantik İlişkilerde Akılcı Olmayan İnançlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS (22) paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre cinsiyet, anne eğitim düzeyi, ilişkinin olma durumu, anne baba ilişkisinin örnek olma durumu, televizyon izleme süresi ve yeril ve yabancı dizi izleme değişkenleri anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akılcı Olmayan Evlilik Beklentileri, Romantik İlişki, Ekme Teorisi, Televizyon Dizileri.

The Effects of The Tv Series on The Development of Unrealistic Marriage Expectations

This study has been carried out to analyze any relation between television watching duration, genre-specific television series/soap operas and unrealistic marriage expectations. To this end, a survey was conducted given to 349 university students. In this study, Unrealistic Beliefs in Romance Relationships Measure developed by Sarı (2008) has been used in order to collect the data. And, an analysis of the data has been done by the package program of SPSS(22). According to the analysis results, the variables on gender, maternal educational level, the state of being in a relationship, the state of taking one’s parents’ relationship as an example, television watching duration, monitoring domestic and foreign TV series showed significant differences.

Keywords:

Irrational Expectations Marriage, Romantic Relationship, Cultivation Theory, Tv Series.,

PDF

___

Aubrey, J. S., & Taylor, L. D. (2009). “The role of lad magazines in priming men’s chronic and temporary appearance-related schemata: An investigation of longitudinal and experimental findings.” Human Communication Research, 35, 28-58.
Bachen, C. M., & Illouz, E. (1996). “Imagining romance: Young people’s cultural models of romance and love”. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 13, 279-308. DOI: 10.1080/15295039609366983
Baran, S. J. (1976). “Sex on TV and adolescent self-image”. Journal of Broadcasting, 20, 61–68.
Baran, S. J., & Davis, D. K. (2003). “Mass communication theory: Foundations, ferment, and future”. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
Chia, S. C. (2006). “How peers mediate media influence on adolescents’ sexual attitudes and sexual behavior.” Journal of Communication, 56, 585-606.
Chary-Assad, R. M., & Tamborini, R. (2003). “Television exposure and the public’s perceptions of physicians.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47, 197-215.
Collins, W. A,, & Sroufe, L. A. (1999). “Capacity for intimate relationships: A developmental construction”. In W. Furman, C. Feiring, & B. B. Brown (Eds.), Contemporary perspectives on adolescent romantic relationships (pp. 123-1 47). New York: Cambridge University Press
Coontz, S. (2005). Marriage, a history: From obedience to intimacy or how love conquered marriage. New York, NY: Viking.
Davison, W. P. (1983). “The third-person effect in communication.” Public Opinion Quarterly, 47, 1-15.
Demo, D. H., & Ganong, L. H. (1994). Divorce. In P. C. McKenry & S. J. Price (Eds.), Families and change: Coping with stressful events (s.197-218). Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
Dixon, T. L. (2008). “Crime news and racialized beliefs: Understanding the relationship between local news viewing and perceptions of African Americans and crime.” Journal of Communication, 58, 106-125.
Dunn, M.S. (1960). “Marriage Role Expectations of Adolescents”. Marriage and Family Living,22, 2, 99-111 DOI: 10.2307/347324
Eidelson, R. J.. & Epstein, N. (1982). “Cognition and relationship maladjustment: Development of a measure of dysfunctional relationship beliefs”. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50(5),715-720. DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.50.5.715
Ellis, A. and Harper, R.A. (1975), A New Guide to Rational Living, Wilshire Book Company, North Hollywood, CA.
Ellis, A., David, D., & Lynn, S. J. (2010). Rational and Irrational Beliefs: A historical andconceptual perspective. In David, D., Lynn, S. J., Ellis, A. (Ed.). (2010). Rationaland Irrational Beliefs: Research, theory, and clinical practice (3-22). New York:Oxford University Press.
Epstein, N. & Eidelson, R. J. (1981). “Unrealistic beliefs of clinical couples: Their relationship to expectations, goals and satisfaction”. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 9,4, 13-22 DOI: 10.1080/01926188108250420
Epstein, N., Pretzer, J., & Fleming, B. (1987). “The role of cognitive appraisal in selfreports of marital communication”. Behavior Therapy, 18, 51-69. DOI: 10.1016/ S0005-7894(87)80051-5
Galician, M.-L. (2004). “Sex, love, and romance in the mass media: Analysis and criticism of unrealistic portrayals and their influence”. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Galician, M.-L. (2007). ‘‘Dis-illusioning’’ as discovery: The research basis and media literacy applications of Dr. FUN’s mass media love quiz and Dr. Galician’s prescriptions”. In M.-L. Galician & D. Merskin (Eds.), Critical thinking about sex, love, and romance in mass media: Media literacy applications (s. 1–20). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Galloway. L, Engstrom E. & Emmers-Sommer T.M, (2015). “Does Movie Viewing Cultivate Young People’s Unrealistic Expectations About Love and Marriage?”, Marriage & Family Review, 51:8, 687-712, DOI: 10.1080/01494929.2015.1061629
Gerbner, G. (1969). “Toward “cultural indicators”: The analysis of mass mediated message systems.” Educational Technology Research and Development, 17(2), 137-148. DOI: 10.1007/BF02769102
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signoriclli, N. (1982). “Chartingthe mainstrcain: Television’s contributions to political orientations”. Journal of Communication, 32(2), 100-127. DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1982.tb00500.x
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorelli, N. (1986). “Living with television: The dynamics of the cultivation process”. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Perspectives on media effects (pp. 17–40). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N. (1991). “Growing up with television: The cullivation perspective”. In J. Bryant & D. Zillinann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (s. 17-41). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Gottman, .J. M. (1994). What predicls divorce? The Relationship Between Marital Processes and Marital Outcomes. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Greenberg, E. F., & Nay, W. R. (1982). “The intergenerational transmission of marital instability reconsidered”. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 44, 335-347. DOI: 10.2307/351543
Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hawkins, R. P., & Pingree, S. (1982). “Television’s influence on social reality”. In D. Pearl, L L.outhilet, &J. Lazar (Eds.), “Television and behavior: Ten years of scientfic progress and inplications for the eighties (DIIIIS Publicalions No. ADM 82-1196, Vol. 2, pp. 221-217). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Hendrick, C., & Hendrick, S. (1986). “A theory and method of love”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 392-402.
Holmes, B. M. (2007). “In search of my ‘‘one and only’’: Romance-oriented media and beliefs in romantic relationship destiny”. Electronic Journal of Communication, 17. http://www.cios.org/EJCPUBLIC/017/3/01735.HTML
Illouz, E. (1998). “The lost innocence or love: Romance as a posunodern condition”. Theory, Culture, and Society. 15, 161-186. DOI: 10.1177/0263276498015003008
Jones, G. D., & Nelson, E. S. (1996). “Expectalions of marriage among college students from intact and non-intact homes”. Journal of Divorce and Rentarriage, 26, 171- 189. DOI: 10.1300/J087v26n01_09
Kagıtçıbası, Ç. (1998). “Kültür ve benlik, Kültürel Psikoloji: İnsan bağlamında insan ve aile” İstanbul: Atlan Yayınları.
Katz, E., Blumler, J., & Gurevitch, M. (1974). “Utilization of mass communication by the individual”. In J. Blumler & E. Katz (Eds.), The uses of mass communication: Current perspectives on gratifications research (pp. 19–32). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Kwong, K.P & Yin, M.K., (2000). “Dynamic Marriage: Reconstruction of a Marriage Concept”. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 10:1, 23-36, DOI:10.1080/21650993.2000.9755820
Larson, J. H. (1988). “The marriage quiz: College students’ bcliefs in selected myths about marriage”. Family Relations . 37, No. 1, 3-11 DOI: 10.2307/584422
Lee, B., &. “Tamborini, R. (2005). Third-person effect and internet pornography: The influence of collectivism and internet self-efficacy.” Journal of Communication, 55, 292-310.
Meirick, P. C. (2004). “Topic-relevant reference groups and dimensions of distance: Political advertising and first- and third-person effects.” Communication Research, 31, 234-255.
Newcomb, H. (1978). “Assessing the violence profile of Gerbner and Gross: A humanistic critique and suggestions”. Communication Research, 5, 264–282. DOI: 10.1177/009365027800500303
Perloff, R. M. (2002). The third-person effect. In J. Bryant &. D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 489-506). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2006). “Adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit online material and recreational attitudes toward sex.” Journal of Communication, 56, 639-660.
Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2009). “Adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit internet material and notions of women as sex objects: Assessing causality and underlying processes.” Journal of Communication, 59, 407-433.
Potter, W. J. (2011). “Conceptualizing mass media effect”. Journal of Communication, 61, 896–915. DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01586.x
Radway,J. A. (1983). “Women read the romance: The interaction of text and context”. Feminist Studies, 9, 5.l-78. DOI: 10.2307/3177683
Sarı, T. (2008). “Üniversite öğrencilerinin romantik ilişkilerle ilgili akılcı olmayan inançlar, bağlanma boyutları ve ilişki doyumu arasındaki ilişkiler”. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara
Segrin, C., & Nabi, R. L. (2002). “Does television viewing cultivate unrealistic expectations about marriage?” Journal of Communication, 52, 217–263. DOI: 10.1111/ j.1460-2466.2002.tb02543.x
Shapiro, J., & Kroeger, L. (1991). “Is life just a romantic novel? The relationship between attitudes about intimate relationships and the popular media”. American Journal of Family Therapy, 19, 226–236. DOI: 10.1080/01926189108250854
Signorielli, N. (1991). “Adolescents and ambivalence toward marriage: A cultivation analysis”. Youth; and Society, 23, 121-149. DOI: 10.1177/0044118X91023001006
Sprecher, S., & Metts, S. (1989). “Development of “Romantic Beliefs Scale” and examination of the effects of gender and gender-role orientation”. Journal of Social and Personal Relationship, 6, 387-411. DOI: 10.1177/0265407589064001
Ward, L.M & Rivadeneyra, R. (1999). “Contributions of entertainment television to adolescents’ sexual attitudes and expectations: The role of viewing amount versus viewer involvement”, Journal of Sex Research, 36:3, 237-249, DOI: 10.1080/00224499909551994
Weaver,j., Wakshlag, J. (1986). “Perceived vulnerability to critne, criminal victimization experience, and television viewing”. Journal of Broadcasting, & Electronic Media, 30. 111-158. DOI: 10.1080/08838158609386616
Zillmann, D., & Weaver, J. B. (1997). “Psychoticism in the effect of prolonged exposure to gratuitous media violence on the acceptance of violence as a preferred means of conflict resolution.” Personality & Individual Differences, 22, 613-627.