LEZGİ DİLİNDEKİ ARAPÇA ÖDÜNÇLEMELER VE MORFOLOJİK YAPILARI

ÖZLezgiler, Kafkasya’nın en eski halklarından biridir. Dağıstan’ın güneydoğusuile Azerbaycan’ın kuzey doğusunda yoğun olarak yaşamaktadırlar. İslamiyet veAraplar ile VII. asırda, İslam fetih hareketleri sayesinde tanışmışlar ve sonrasındada Müslüman olmuşlardır. Araplardan sosyal, siyasal ve kültürel olarak etkilenmeninyanı sıra, dil yönünden de etkilenmişlerdir. Birçok Arapça kelime Lezgidilinde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.Bu makale, Lezgi Dili’nde kullanılan Arapça sözcükler hakkındadır. M.Gaciyev’e ait “Rusko-Lezginski Slovar” (Rusça-Lezgice Sözlük) isimli eser titizlikletaranmış ve anlam değişikliğine uğramadan Arapçadan Lezgi diline geçen sözcüklertespit edilmiştir. Lezgi dilinde kullanılan Arapça alıntı kelimeler, kullanıldıklarıalan yönünden incelenerek tasnif edilmiş ve Arap dili morfolojisi bakımındanda incelenmiştir. Daha sonra Arapça alıntı kelimelerin Lezgi dilindeki yüzdelikoranı belirlenmiştir.Arapça alıntı sözcüklerin tasnifinde her bir sözcüğün Krilce yazılışı, Latinceokunuşu, Arapça karşılığı, Türkçe okunuşu ve Lezgi dilinde ifade ettiği anlamıverilmiştir. Son sütunda ise Arapça kelime yapısı (morfoloji) açısından emsile-imuhtelifesi yer almaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Lezgiler, Lezgi dili, Arapça, morfoloji, ödünçlemeABSTRACTArabic Loan Words in Lezgi Language and his Morphological StructuresLezgis is one of the oldest nations of Caucasus. Most of them live at southeast ofDagestan and northeast of Azerbaijan. They met with Islam and Arabian peopleat VII. Century during the Islamic conquest movements and they converted intoIslam following these movements. Their language as well as their social, politicaland cultural life have been influenced by Arabians. Many Arabic words have beenused in Language of Lezgi.This article is about the Arabic words which are used in language of lezgi.The book named “Rusko-Lezginski Slovar” (Russian-Lezgi dictionary) which waswritten by M. Gaciyev was examined carefully and Arabic words which were alsoused in language of lezgi with the same meaning determined. These quoted Arabicwords were categorized in terms of their area of use and were analyzed in accordancewith Arabian language morphology. And then the ration of quoted Arabicwords in language of lezgi was determined as percentage.At the categorization of quoted Arabic words, Cyrillic spelling, Latin pronunciation,Arabic meaning, Turkish pronunciation and their meaning at the languageof lezgi were expressed. And at the last column there were different exampleswith regard to Arabic word form (morphological).Keywords: Lezgis, Language of Lezgi, Arabic Language, Morphology, Quote

Arabic Loan Words in Lezgi Language and his Morphological Structures

Arabic Loan Words in Lezgi Language and his Morphological StructuresLezgis is one of the oldest nations of Caucasus. Most of them live at southeast of Dagestan and northeast of Azerbaijan. They met with Islam and Arabian people at VII. Century during the Islamic conquest movements and they converted into Islam following these movements. Their language as well as their social, political and cultural life have been influenced by Arabians. Many Arabic words have been used in Language of Lezgi.This article is about the Arabic words which are used in language of lezgi. The book named “Rusko-Lezginski Slovar” (Russian-Lezgi dictionary) which was written by M. Gaciyev was examined carefully and Arabic words which were also used in language of lezgi with the same meaning determined. These quoted Arabic words were categorized in terms of their area of use and were analyzed in accordance with Arabian language morphology. And then the ration of quoted Arabic words in language of lezgi was determined as percentage. At the categorization of quoted Arabic words, Cyrillic spelling, Latin pronunciation, Arabic meaning, Turkish pronunciation and their meaning at the language of lezgi were expressed. And at the last column there were different examples with regard to Arabic word form (morphological)

___

  • Akiner, Shirin, Sovyet Müslümanları, Çeviren: Tufan Buzpınar ve Ahmet Mutu, İs- tanbul, 1995.
  • Bala, Mirza, MEB İslam Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul, 1993.
  • Buniyatov, Ziya Musa, “Dağıstan”, TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul, 1993.
  • Büyük Larousse Ansiklopedisi, Lezgiler, Milliyet Yayınları.
  • Doğuştan Günümüze Büyük İslam Tarihi (Redaktör Hakkı Dursun Yıldız), İstanbul, 1992.
  • Dursun, Davut, “Lezgiler,” TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, Ankara, 2003.
  • Ebu Ca’fer Muhammed b. Cerîr et-Taberî, Tarihu’l-Ümem ve’l-Mülûk, Beytü’l- Efkâri’d-Devliyye, Ürdün, ts.
  • Erel, Şerafeddin, Dağıstan ve Dağıstanlılar, İstanbul, 1961.
  • Gacıyev, M. M., Rusko-Lezginski Slovar, Mahackala, 1950.
  • Gaydarov R. İ., Mirzehanov, S.M., Ramaldanov, G. R., Lezgi çal 6-7, Mahaçkala, 1992.
  • Gaydarov, R. İ., Gülmagamedov, A. G., Mehemedov, H. İ., Nesredinov, F., Yaraliyev, M. M., Lezgi Çal 10-11, Mahaçkale, 1993.
  • Halibov, B.B., Lezgi Dillerinin Fonetik Karşılaştırılması, Moskova, 1980.
  • İbnü’l-Esir Ebu’l-Hasen Ali b. Muhammed b. Muhammed b. Abdilkerim b. Abdilva- hid eş-Şeybani, Kâmil fi’t-Târih, Lübnan, 1987.
  • Kominist Gazetesi 4 Haziran 1987.
  • Lezgi gazetesi, 16 Ekim 1993.
  • Sami, Şemseddin, Kâmûsu’l-A’lâm, İstanbul 1308/1891.
  • Sucu, Mehmet, “Yeryüzündeki Diller ve Kelime Alışverişleri” Sızıntı Dergisi, Aralık 2009, Sayı: 371.
  • MEB Türk Ansiklopedisi, Ankara, 1976.
  • Yıldız, Muharrem, Dünden Bugüne Kafkasya, İzmir, 2006.
  • http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04- 01.pdf 22.10.2014
  • http://www.stat.gov.az/source/demoqraphy/ap/ 16.10.2014