Safran (Crocus sativus L.)’da Bitki Gelişimi Üzerine Dışarıdan Uygulanan Bitki Gelişim Düzenleyicilerinin Etkisi

Dışsal uygulanabilen kimyasallar olan ve farklı etki sınıﬂarı içinde bulunan bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerininher biri bitki büyüme ve gelişiminin farklı aşamaları üzerinde hayati ve önemli işlevlere sahiptir. Tıbbi ve aromatikbitkiler içinde en önemli ve değerli bitkilerden biri olan safran (Crocus sativus L.) Iridaceae familyasına ait olup,doğal olarak generatif yolla üretilmesi mümkün olmadığından bitki gelişimi aseksüel olarak her yıl meydanagelen yavru kormlardan sağlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada dışsal olarak uygulanan paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyricacid, zeatin and picloram maddelerinin safran gelişimi üzerine etkileri çalışılmıştır. Bitki gelişimi için önemliparametreler olan korm ve toprak üstü aksamı ile ilişkili karakterlerle ilgili veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kontrolparsellerinin yanında paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin ve picloram bitki dikiminden 45 gün sonra camserada toprağa uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre picloram konsantrasyonları nodyum aktivasyonu, yapraksayısı ve korm gelişim özellikleri (korm sayısı, ağırlığı, çapı ve yavru korm verimi) için geciktirici bir rol oynarken,en yüksek bitki boyu (10 mg L-1 de 60.98 cm ve 5 mg L-1 de 57.37 cm) elde edilmiştir. 10 mg L-1 paclobutrazoluygulamalarında, diğer uygulamalara ve kontrole nazaran en iyi korm verimine (469 kg da-1) ulaşılmıştır. Zeatin3 mg L-1 konsantrasyonda en iyi nodyum aktivasyonu göstermiştir (2.81 aktif nodyum/korm). Sonuç olaraksafran gelişimi önemli derecede dışarıdan toprağa uygulanan bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerinden etkilenmekte olupuygulama metodu gelişimi hedeﬂenen bitki kısmı göz önüne alınarak geliştirilebilir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Crocus sativus, indole-3-butyric acid, paclobutrazol, picloram, zeatin

The Effect of Exogenously Applied Plant Growth Regulators on Plant Development of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Plant growth regulators have important roles in plant growth and development. The externallyapplicable chemicals belong to different action classes and each one has a crucial and effective role at differentplant growing stages. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most important and valuable medicinal and aromaticplant, belongs to Iridaceae family. Because of impossibility of generative propagation in nature, growing can bemaintened asexually with daughter corms occured each year. In this experiment, the effects of exogenously appliedpaclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin and picloram on saffron developmental stages were studied. Data werefocused on aerial part and corm related characters which is important in developmental fndings in this plant. In thetreatments, paclobutrazol (10 or 20 mg L-1), indole-3-butyric acid (1 or 3 mg L-1), zeatin (1 or 3 mg L-1) and picloram(5 or 10 mg L-1) were applied alone besides control to saffron 45 days after planting to the soil under greenhousecondition. According to the data picloram concentrations have a retardant role in nodium activation, leaf numberand corm developmental characters (number, weight, diameter and yield of daughter corm) but cause the highestplant height (60.98 cm in 10 mg L-1 and 57.37 cm in 5 mg L-1). In 10 mg L-1 paclobutrazol treatments resulted as thebest corm production (469 kg da-1) than the other treatments and control. Zeatin at 3 mg L-1concentration was foundeffective on the best nodium activation (2.81 active nodes/corm). In conclusion, saffron development is affectedsignifcantly by externally applied plant growth regulators under soil condition and the application methods can beprogressed in studies on aimed parts of the plant.

Keywords:

Crocus sativus, indole-3-butyric acid, paclobutrazol, picloram, zeatin,

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