Nedim YALANSIZ

Turkey-middle east relations in the cold war era and the great powers

Türkiye II. Dünya Savaşı’nın sonlarından itibaren Sovyet tehdidi ile karşılaşmış, bu nedenle de İngiltere- ABD ekseninde bir dış politika izleme yönüne gitmiştir. İngiltere, Ortadoğu’da kalabilmek için kendisine en yakın müttefik olarak Türkiye’yi görmüştür. ABD, Sovyetlerin komünizmi yayma projesine karşı, “engelleme” stratejisini uygulamaya sokmuştur. Türkiye’nin İngiltere ve ABD’nin müttefiki olarak Ortadoğu’da anahtar ülke rolünü üstlenmesi, başta Mısır olmak üzere özellikle Sovyet etkisindeki ülkelerle ilişkilerinin bozulmasına neden olmuştur. Bu makalede, Soğuk Savaş döneminde Türkiye’nin Ortadoğu ülkeleri ile ilişkileri ve İngiltere, ABD ve SSCB gibi büyük güçlerin bu politikaya etkisi incelenmektedir.

Soğuk savaş dönemi Türkiye-orta doğu münasebetleri ve büyük güçler

Because of the Soviet threat at the end of World War II, Turkey followed a British-American centered foreign policy. In order to maintain a presence in the Middle East Britain embraced Turkey as her close ally in the region. The United States followed “containment policy” against the Soviet goal to spread communism in the region. Turkey thus played a key role in the region as a British and American ally in the Middle East, but one which destroyed its relations with the other regional countries, like Egypt, which was under Soviet influence. This paper covers Turkey’s relations with the Middle Eastern countries during the Cold War and examines the influence of Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union on Turkey’s Middle East policy.

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Parliamentary Papers:
1952-53 [Cmd. 8768] Statement on defence, 1953.
1953-54 [Cmd. 9230] Egypt no. 1 (1954). Heads of agreement. Anglo-Egyptian defence negotiations regarding the Suez Canal Base.
1955-56 [Cmd. 9544] Treaty Series No. 50 (1955). Special agreement between the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the government of Iraq [with exchanges of notes]
1955-56 [Cmd. 9859] Treaty Series No. 39 (1956). Pact of mutual co-operation between His Majesty the King of Iraq and the president of the Republic of Turkey.
1961-62 Cmnd. 1721 Miscellaneous no. 15 (1962). Agreement on the status of the Central Treaty Organization, national representatives and international staff. Ankara, November 9, 1960. With exchange of notes between Her Majesty's government in the United Kingdom and the Secretary-General of the organization.
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