The effects of high temperature on pollen grain characteristics in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.)

Ondört domates genotipinde yüksek sıcaklığın çiçek tozu gelişimine etkileri çalışılmıştır. Dört Şanlıurfa yerli domates genotipi (U-4-10, U-64-16, U-2-29, U-117-2) Asya Sebze Araştırma ve Geliştirme Merkezi (AVRDC)’nden sağlanan sıcağa tolerant on genotiple karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Denemeler, optimum (OT, 28/21°C gündüz/gece), orta yüksek sıcaklık (MHT, 32/22°C gündüz/gece) ve yüksek sıcaklık (HT, 37/27°C gündüz/gece) olarak düzenlenen üç sıcaklık rejiminde yürütülmüştür. Üç sıcaklık rejiminde üretilen çiçek tozu sayısı (NPP), salınan çiçek tozu sayısı (NRP), çiçek tozu canlılık oranı (PV) ve in vitro çiçek tozu çimlenme oranı (PG) belirlenmiştir. Yüksek sıcaklık bütün genotiplerde üretilen çiçek tozu sayısı, salınan çiçek tozu sayısı, çiçek tozu canlılık oranı ve çiçek tozu çimlenme oranı önemli derecede azaltmıştır. Polen salınım ve çimlenme oranlarının yüksek sıcaklıkta meyve tutumu için ıslah programlarında kullanılabilecek en önemli faktörler olabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Domateste (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) yüksek sıcaklığın çiçek tozu özelliklerine etkileri

The effects of high temperature stress on pollen development were studied in fourteen tomato genotypes. Four Sanliurfa local genotypes (U-4-10, U-64-16, U-2-29, U-117-2) were compared with 10 heat tolerant tomato varieties received from Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The experiments were conducted under three temperature regimes, designated as optimum temperature (OT, 28/21°C day/night), moderate high temperature (MHT, 32/22°C day/night) and high temperature (HT, 37/27°C day/night). Number of pollen grain produced (NPP), number of pollen grain released (NRP), percentage of released pollen viability (PV) and in vitro released pollen germination rate (PG) were scored at three temperature regimes. HT significantly decreased the NPP, the NRP, the PV and PG for all genotypes. Pollen release and germination ability under high temperature were revealed to be the most important factors determining the fruit set ability and could be used in breeding programs aiming for better fruit set under high temperatures.

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