Su yastıkları ve organik tarımda kullanımı

Organik tarımda önerilen sulama yöntemi genel olarak basınçlı sulama (damla ya da mini yağmurlayıcılar) yöntemleridir. Yabancı otlarla mücadelede ise malçların kullanılması tavsiye edilmektedir. Su yastıkları, damla sulama ve malçlama tekniğinin bir bileşimi olup organik tarımı yapılan tüm sıra bitkilerinin sulanmasında başarıyla kullanılabilecek bir sulama yöntemidir. Yöntem yüksek sulama etkinliğinin sağlandığı, yabancı ot ve erozyon kontrolü yapılabilen, Yüzey akış ve derine sızma kayıplarının olmadığı, uygulanması kolay bir yöntemdir.

Water pillow and its use in organic agriculture

In general, at the organic agriculture advised irrigation method is the pressurized irrigation methods (drip or mini sprinkle). Mulch using is also advised to control the weeds as well. Water pillow irrigation method is a combination of both drip irrigation and mulching and can be used successfully to irrigate all row crops in the organic agriculture. The method has some advantages such as high irrigation efficiencies, erosion, weed control, no surface run off and deep percolation, and also irrigation operation is quite easy.

___

  • Biles, C.L., Bruton, B.D., Wall, M.M., Rivas, M. 1995. Phytophthora capsici zoospore infection of pepper fruit in various physical environments. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci., 75:1–5.
  • Bükün, B., Gerçek, S., Boydak, E., Dikilitaş, M. 2005. A novel irrigation system (Water Pillow, WP) with mulching effect for the control of weeds in soybean plants of arid and semi-arid regions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 8(5): 730–733.
  • Derke, E.,C., Dahwe, H., W., Schönbeck, F., Weber, A., 1994. Crop production and crop protection. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • Dikilitas, M. 2003. Effect of salinity & its interactions with Verticillium alboatrum on the disease development in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa & M. Media) plants. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wales, Swansea.
  • Gerçek, S. 2005. Yeni bir sulama yöntemi: su yastıkları, Hasad Dergisi, 239: 58–60, İstanbul.
  • Gerçek, S. 2006. Water pillow: a new irrigation method. Journal of Applied Sciences, 6 (2): 315–317.
  • Gerçek, S., Boydak, E., Okant, M., Dikilitaş, M. 2009a. Water pillow irrigation compared to furrow irrigation for soybean production in a semi-arid area. Agriculture Water Management, 96: 87– 92.
  • Gerçek, S., Çömlekçioğlu, N., Dikilitaş, M. 2009b. Effectiveness of water pillow irrigation method on yield and water use efficiency on hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Scientia Hortıculturae, 120 (3); 325–329.
  • Grove, G.G., Boal R.J. 1991. Influence of temperature and wetness duration on infection of immature apple and pear fruit by phytophthora cactorum. Phytopathology, 81:1465–1471.
  • Hanada T. 1991. The effect of mulching and row covers on vegetable production. Extension Bulletin, ASPAC No. 332, pp:22.
  • Hoover, E., 2000. Bio-based weed control in strawberries using sheep wool mulch, canola mulch, and canola green manure. Greenbook. Energy and Sustainable Agriculture Program Minnesota Department of Agriculture
  • Ibara-Jimenez L, Quezada-Martin M.R., Rosa- Ibara M. 2004. The effect of plastic mulch and row covers on the growth and physiology of cucumber. Australian Journal of Expermintal. Agriculture, 44: 91–94.
  • Jinhui X, Cardenas E.S, Sammis T.W, Wall M.M, Lindsey D.L., Murray L.W. 1999. Effects of irrigation method on chile pepper yield and phytophthora root rot incidence. Agriculture Water Management, 42: 127–142.
  • Kay, M. 1993. Surface irrigation systems and practice. Crandfield Institute of Technology, Crandfield, Bedford, 50– 63.
  • Matheron M.E., Mircetich S.M. 1985. Influence of flooding duration on development of phytophthora root and crown rot of Juglans hindsii and paradox walnut rootstocks. Phytopathology, 75: 973–976.
  • Nisthitani K. 1979. Adaptability of silver polyethylene mulching for vegetable production in the open fields. Agriculture and Horticulture, 54 (5): 657–662.
  • Özer, Z., Kadıoğlu, İ., Önen H., Tursun N., 2001. Herboloji (Yabancı Ot Bilimi). Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:20 Kitaplar Serisi, No:10, Tokat.
  • Park, K.Y., Kim, S.D., Lee, S.H., Kim, H.S., Hong, E.H., 1996. Differences in dry matter accumulation and leaf area in summer soybeans as affected by polythene film mulching. RDA Journal of Agriculture Science, 38:173–179.
  • Ramakrishna, A. Tam, H.M., Wani, S.P., Long, T.D. 2006. Effect of mulch on soil temperature, moisture, weed infestation and yield of groundnut in northern Vietnam. Field Crops Research, 95:115- 125.
  • Sağır A., Başbağ, S. 1998. Pamukta solgunluk hastalığı (Verticillium dahliae Clab.) üzerine damla sulama yönteminin etkisi. Türkiye VIII. Fitopatoloji Kongresi 21– 25 Eylül, Ankara.
  • Tiwari, K.N., Mal, P.K., Singh, R.M., Chattopadhyay, A., 1998. Response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) to drip irrigation under mulch and non-mulch condition. Agriculture Water Management, 38: 91–102.
  • Ürkmez, S. 2008. Sulama yöntemlerinin verticillium ve fusarium solgunluk hastalıkları üzerine etkileri. Harran Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek lisans Tezi, Şanlıurfa.
  • Wierenga, P.J., Hendrickx, J.M.H., 1985. Yield and quality of trickle-irrigated chile peppers. Agriculture Water Management, 9: 339–356.
  • Xie, J., Cardenas, E.S., Sammis, T.W., Wall, M.M., Lindsey, L.D., Murray, L. W. 1999. Effects of irrigation method on chile pepper yield and phytophthora root rot incidence. Agriculture Water Management,,42:127–142.
Harran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-6819
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: İbrahim TOBİ