Şanlıurfa koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı şaraplık üzüm çeşitlerinin kalite ve fitokimyasal özellikleri

Üzümün (Vitis vinifera L.) sahip olduğu antioksidan özelliğinden dolayı insan sağlığı açısından faydalı olduğuna inanılmaktadır. Bundan dolayı üzümün birçok kronik hastalıklar üzerine pozitif etkilerinin belirlenmesi için araştırmalar yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Şanlıurfa koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı üzüm çeşitlerinin toplam antioksidan aktiviteleri ve bazı fitokimyasal özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmada, Toplam fenolik bileşikler (TP), antosiyaninler (TA), antioksidan aktivitesi (AA), çözünebilen katı maddeler, toplam asitlik, toplam şeker, pH ve üzüm çeşitlerinin renk indeksleri ölçülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda; Merlot, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, ve Şiraz (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşitlerinin TA içerikleri sırasıyla 1144.9; 39.48; 723.3, ve 1011.6 mg/kg olarak bulunmuştur. Çeşitlerin TP konsantrasyonları 1805 mg/kg ve 3170 mg/kg arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek TP konsantrasyonu Chardonnay çeşidinde bulunurken, en düşük TP ise Şiraz çeşidinde ölçülmüştür. Çeşitlerin AA değerleri onların 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl’i (DPPH) inhibe edebilme kapasitelerine göre belirlenmiştir. Chardonnay en yüksek AA (0.165 mg/ml) gösterirken, bunu Merlot takip etmiştir (0.204 mg/ml). Çeşitlerin AA’lerinin, TP konsantrasyonları ile ilişkili olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. En yüksek çözünebilen katı maddeler, şıra randımanı, toplam şeker ve olgunluk indeksi Chardonnay çeşidinde ölçülürken, aynı özellikler bakımından en düşük değerler Cabernet Sauvignon çeşidinden elde edilmiştir.

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