Zekai KATIRCIOĞLU, Murat DİKİLİTAŞ, Handan ALTINOK

Fungus ve fungal materyallerin uzun dönem saklanması, korunması ve geri kazanımı üzerine varılan son gelişme ve yöntemler

Genel olarak funguslar her yerde bulunurlar ve doğal veya suni olarak hazırlanmış bir dizi besinmaddelerini kullanarak çok geniş bir çevrede büyürler. Bazı fungusların izole edilmesi veyetiştirilmesi çok kolay iken bazıları konukçuya özel olduğundan kültür ortamında büyümeleriniengelleyen bir takım ilave maddelere ihtiyaç duyarlar. Günümüzde araştırıcıların ihtiyaç duyduklarıfungal materyallere hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde ulaşması, onlara hem zaman hem de izole etmek içinharcanacak enerji kaybınının önlenmesini sağlayacaktır. Araştırıcılar, fungal materyallere her neşekilde ulaşırlarsa ulaşsınlar, fungal materyallerin virulensliklerini hala muhafaza ediyor olmaları çokbüyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu bakımdan fungusların muhafaza edildikleri ortamlarda canlılıklarınıkaybetmemeleri ve farklı karakterlere sahip olan ırklarının geri kazanımları sırasında dejenerasyon vekontaminasyona uğramamaları çok önemlidir. Fungusları kültür ortamında muhafaza etmek için çokçeşitli metotlar vardır. Bu metotların hepsinin ortak yanı, fungusların izole edildikleri durumdakitazeliklerinin korunmasını amaçlar. Ülkemizde kaliteli bir fungus kültürleri bankası nınoluşturulması eldeki kültürlerin sayısına, bu alanda harcanacak emeğe, zamana ve en önemlisi maddiimkanlara bağlıdır. Bu derlemede dünyanın önde gelen laboratuvarlarının kullandığı farklı metotlar ilegeniş kullanım ve uygulama özelliğine sahip olan ve kısa sürede araştırıcılara güvenle fungalmateryalleri sağlayan metotların değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır.

Latest developments and methods on long term storage, protection, and recycle of fungi and fungal material

In general, fungi inhabit everywhere and grow in a wide variety of environments utilizing a diversearray of substrates both natural and artificial. Some are host specific thus they either require additionalsubstances that prevent them being grown in culture media or they grow on media that are formulatedfrom the natural materials from which they were isolated. Supplying rapidly and safely fungalmaterials required by researchers would enable them to gain time and prevent them from spendingextra energy for fungal isolation. it is quite important to keep the virulence of fungal isolates underpreservation for the researches who reach the fungal materilas in anyway. Under preservation, it isquite important to have viabile cultures as well as avoiding of strain deterioration and minimizingcontamination within the fungal population during regeneration. There are several methods ofmaintaining fungi culture collections by which they aim to keep fungi as fresh as possible in whichthey were at the time of isolation. Establishing of a fungi culture collection bank in our countrydepends on the available culture collections, time and effort as well as financial support. in thisreview, several methods used by accredited laboratories around the globe and the commonly used andpractised methods enabling rapid and safe distribution of fungal materials to the researches wereevaluated.

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