The Ruling Concerning the Celebration of Mawlid an-Nabiyy According to Ahādīth

The celebration of Mawlid an-Nabiyy has generated a lot of argument among the Muslim Scholars as regard to the ruling concerning it according to ahādīth. Also, the exact birth-date of the Prophet has always been the subject of dispute amongst Islamic scholars. This paper therefore, intends to examine the ahādīth ruling concerning the celebration. It will look at the origin and development of Mawlid an-Nabiyy and the various opinions regarding the birth-date of the Prophet. The study is theoretical in nature, the existing available literatures like books, journals, ahādīth, Qur’an, and research work related to the topic will be reviewed. The study reveals that, there are basically two different opinions regarding this celebration. Some scholars ruled it to be bid‘ah by arguing that, since it was not celebration by the Prophet himself or by his companions. Others ruled it to be permissible and recommended act because it’s an event where people would listen to sermon about his mission etc. They claim that, there are well-documented facts of ahādīth that companions was innovated many acts after the demise of the Prophet that constitute the act of ‘Ibādāt today. A very good example is tarāwīh. In fact, the 2nd Khalīfa who institutionalized it tagged it good Innovation (Bid‘at hassana). Nothing authentic has been reported in the standard source books of ahādīth, and this fact in itself shows that it was not held in the significance that later authorities did.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Celebration, Mawlid an-Nabiyy, Birthday, Prophet Muhammad, Sharī‘ah.

The Ruling Concerning the Celebration of Mawlid an-Nabiyy According to Ahādīth

Mevlidü’n-Nebî’yi kutlamak ve hadislerden hareketle hükmünün ne olduğu, ulemâ arasında pek çok tartışmaya yol açmıştır. Yine, Hz. Peygamber’in doğduğu tarihi İslâm âlimleri arasında her zaman tartışma konusu olagelmiştir. Bu nedenle bu makale, hadislerin söz konusu kutlamalarla ilgili hükmünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Burada, Mevlidü’n-Nebî’nin kökeni, gelişimi ve Hz. Peygamber'in doğum tarihi ile ilgili çeşitli görüşler incelenecektir. Çalışma tabiatı gereği teorik nitelikte olup; konuyla ilgili kitap, dergi, hadis, Kur’ân gibi mevcut literatür ve araştırmalar gözden geçirilecektir. Araştırmalar, söz konusu kutlamaya dair temelde iki farklı görüşün olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Peygamber'in kendisi ya da ashâbı tarafından kutlanmadığı için bazı âlimler bunun bid‘at olduğunu savunurken; diğer bir kesim, kutlamanın caiz olduğuna hükmetmiş ve söz konusu uygulamalar tavsiye edilmiştir. Zira bu, insanların bu vesileyle O’nun icraatlarıyla ilgili sohbetleri dinlemesine vesile olacak bir hâdisedir. Yine onlar, Peygamber’in vefatından sonra, sahâbenin, günümüzde ibadet olarak uygulanan pek çok fiil icat ettiğine dair sahîh hadis olduğunu ileri sürerler. Bunun çok güzel bir örneği terâvîhtir. Hatta bu uygulamayı yerleştiren ikinci Halîfe, onu ‘bid‘at-i hasene’ olarak nitelendirmiştir. Temel hadis kaynaklarında bu uygulamaya dair hiçbir bilginin verilmeyişi gerçeği bile, başlı başına, onun söz konusu dönemde, daha sonraki otoriteler nezdinde sâhip olduğu kadar bu hususa önem verilmediğini göstermektedir.

Keywords:

Kutlama, Mevlidü’n-Nebî, Doğum günü, Hz. Peygamber, Şeri‘at.,

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