Milos TUL, Bojan LESKOSEK, Gregor JURAK, Marjeta KOVAC

Perceived Importance of Slovenian Physical Education Teachers' Professional Competencies

This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate perceived importance of Slovenian physical education teachers' (PETs) professional competencies with the aim of diagnosing the main needs of practising PE teachers and preparing continued professional development programmes. For this purpose, a self-administered questionnaire has been designed to examine a wide scope of general and subject-specific competencies among 672 Slovenian PETs. The participants evaluated their own actual professional competencies on a four-level scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of internal consistency was used to estimate the reliability of a questionnaire, and factor analysis was used in order to examine an internal structure of competency field. The results point to the high degree of reliability of the entire questionnaire (Cronbach alpha=.97), whereas the values of individual segments of variables vary between .62 and .92. The competency profile of teachers is quite complex, as it consists of 11 factors, which together explain 57.6% of the total variance. Didactic approaches as the subject-specific competencies, which represent the first factor, seemed to be the most informative for PETs, explaining 33.8% of the total variance.

PDF

___

ANECA (Agencia nacional de evaluacion de la calidad y acreditation) (2004). Propuesta de Titulo de Grado En Ciencas de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte. [Proposal for the Title of the graduate in The Physical Activity and Sport Science. In Spain.] [Available online at: www.aneca.es/var/media/150296/libroblanco_deporte_def.pdf], Retrieved on 6 July 2012.
Campos Mesa, M. C., Ries, F., & Del Castillo, O. (2011). Analisis de las competencias adquiridas y utilizadas por los agresados maestros en educaciòn Fisica. [Analisys of the skills acquired and used by graduated teachers in physical education. In Spain.] Revista Internacional de Cencias del Deporte, 24(7), 216-229.
Chen, W. (2006). Teachers' knowledge about and views of the national standards for physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 25, 120-142.
Cloes, M., Laraki, N., & Pieron, M. (2004). PE teachers competencies: which ones are considered as the most important and where are they acquired? Athens: Pre-olimpic congress. [Available online at: http://cev.org.br/biblioteca/pe-teachers-competencies-which-ones-are-considered-as-the-most-important-andwhere-are-they-acquired], Retrieved on 30 January 2009.
Cochran, K. F., De Ruiter, J. A., & King, R. A. (1993). Pedagogical content knowing: An integrated model for teacher preparation. Journal of Teacher Education, 44(4): 263-72.
Edmonds, S., & Lee, B. (2002). Teacher feelings about continuing professional development. Education Journal, 61, 28-29.
European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education, (2011). Teacher Education for Inclusion. Profile of Inclusive Teachers (TE41). [Available online at: http://www.european-agency.org/publications/ereports/te4iprofile/TE4I-Profile-EN.pdf], Retrieved on 12 October 2012.
Eurydice (2002). Key competencies - a developing concept in general compulsory education. Brussels: Euryidice. Eurydice (2003). Defining competencies and curriculum. European reference points for the teaching profession. Prepared by Eurydice for study visit (England, April 2003).
Eurydice (2011). Key data on Learning and Inovation through ICT at School in Europe 2011. [Available online at: http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/key_data_series/134EN.pdf], Retrived on 15 October 2012.
Ferreira, I., Van der Horst, K., Wendel-Vos, W., Kremers, S., van Lenthe, F.J., & Brug, J. (2006). Environmental correlates of physical activity in youth - a review and update. Obesity Reviews, 8, 129-154.
Flintoff, A. (2010). The school sport co-ordinator programme: Changing the role of the physical education teacher? Sport, Education and Society, 8(2), 231-250.
Gallardo, A. M. (2006). Evaluating professional competencies for labor placement of the physical education teacher. Electronic Journal of research in Educational Psychology, 10(3), 469-492.
González, J., & Wagenaar, R. (2003). Tuning Educational Structures in Europe. Final Report. Bilbao: Universidad de Deusto.
Gower, C. (2010). Planning in PE. In S. Capel, & M. Whitehead (Eds.), Learning to Teach Physical Education in the Secondary School: A Companion to School Experience (pp. 24-45). London: Routledge.
Hamar, P., Peters, D. M., Van Berlo, K., & Hardman, K. (2006). Physical education and sport in Hungarian schools after the political transition of the 1990s. Kinesiology, 38(1), 86-93.Hardman, K., Klein, G., Patriksson, G., Rychtecky, A., & Da Costa, F. C. (2008). Implementation of the Bologna
Process and Model Curriculum Development in Physical Education. In K. Petry, K., Froberg, A. Madella & W. Tokarski (Eds.), Higher Education in Sport in Europe. From labour Market demand to Training Supply (pp. 56- 79). UK: Meyer & Meyer Ltd.
Hardman, K. (2008). Physical education in schools and PETE programmes in the European context: Quality issues. In G. Starc, M. Kovac & K. Bizjak (Eds.), 4 th International Symposium Youth Sport 2008 - The Heart of Europe.
Book of Abstracts (pp. 9-26). Ljubljana: Faculty of Sport. Ince, M. L., Goodway, J. D., Ward, P., & Lee, M. A. (2006). The effects of professional development on technological competency and the attitudes urban physical education teachers have toward using technology. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 25(4) 428-440.
Kovac, M., Jurak, G., Starc, G., & Strel, J. (2011). The importance of research-based evidence for political decisions on physical education. In K. Hardman & K. Green (Eds.), Contemporary issues in physical education: International perspectives (pp. 47-68). Maindenhead, UK: Meyer & Meyer Sport.
Kovac, M., Sloan, S., & Starc, G. (2008). Competencies in physical education teaching: Slovenian teachers' views and future perspectives. European Physical Education Review, 14(3), 299-323.
Laporte, W. (1997). The physical education teacher for secondary schools in the EU. Journal of the International Council for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport, and Dance, 3, 43-46. Lemoyne, J., Laurencelle, L., Lirette, M., & Trudeau, F. (2007). Occupational health problems and injuries among Quebec's physical educators. Applied Ergonomics, 38(5), 625-634.
López-Pastor, V., Kirk, D., Lorente-Catalan, E., MacPhail, A., & Macdonald, D. (2013). Alternative assessment in physical education: a review of international literature. Sport, Education & Society, 18(1), 57-76.
Ministry of Education and Sport. (2010). Database of teachers /on-line/. [Available online at: http://krka1.mss.edus.si/RegistriWeb], Retrieved on 15 September 2010.
Napper-Owen, G. E., Marston, R., Volkinburg, P. V., Afeman, H., & Brewer, J. (2008). What constitutes a highly qualified physical education teacher? Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance (JOPERD), 79(8), 26-32. [Available online at: http://www.csuchico.edu/kine/documents/TroutHighlyQualifiedTeacher016.pdf.
Nicholson, P. (2007). A History of e-Learning: Echoes of the Pioneers. In B. Fernandez-Manjon, J. M. Sanchez-Perez, J. A. Gomez-Pulido, M. A. Vega-Rodriguez, & J. Bravo-Rodriguez (Eds.), Computers and education: Elearning, From theory to practice (pp. 1-11). Dorderecht: Springer.
Nieminen, P., Takizawa, K., Goulimaris, D., & Sakashita, R. (2008). PE students' perception of the importance of the competencies of quality physical education teacher: A cross-cultural study. AIESEP 2008 World Congress-Sport pedagogy research, policy & practice: International perspectives in physical education and sports coaching. Sapporo, Japan.
Official Journal of the European Union (28.5.2009). Council - Notices from European Union institutions and bodies.
Council conclusions of 12 May 2009 on a strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training ("ET 2020") (2009/C 119/02). [Available online at: http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2009:119:0002:0010:en:PDF], Retrived on 11 September 2012.
Pazo Haro, C. I., & Tejada Mora J. (2012). Las competencias profesionales en Educaciòn Fisica. [The professional skills in Physical education. In Spain.] Nuovas tendencias en Educaciòn Fisica, Deporte y Recreatiòn, 22, 5-8.
Perrenoud, P. (2002). Dieci nuove competenze pe rinsegnare.[Ten new competencies for teaching. In Italian.] Roma: Anicia srl. Rychen, D. S., & Salganik, L. H. (2003). Key Competencies for a Successful Life and a Well-Functioning Society. Seattle: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers.
Romero Cerezo, C. (2009). Definiciòn de mòdulos y competencias del maestro con menciòn en Educaciòn fisica. [Modules and competencies of the physical education teacher. In Spain.] Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencas de la Actividad Fisica y el Deporte, 9(34), 179-200.
Romero Cerezo, C., Zagalaz Sànchez, L., Romero Rodriguez, M. N., & Martinez Lòpez, E. J. (2011). Importancia de las competencias profesionales de los Maestros en Educaciòn Fìsica expresadas por los estudiantes [Importance of the professional competencies of the Primary Teachers in Physical Education expressed by the students. In Spain.]. Retos. Nuevas tendencias en Educaciòn Fisica, Deporte y Recreaciòn, 19, 62-68.
Romero Granados, S., & Campos Mesa, M. C. (2010). Los egresados de magisterio especialistas de educaciòn fisica y sus competencias. [The higher education graduates of physical education teachers and their competencies. In Spain.] Journal of sport and Health Research, 2(2), 167-182.
Sàenz-Lòpez Bunuel, P., Carmona Marquez, J., Coronel Llamas, J. M., Funtes-Guerra, J. G., Sierra Robles, A., & Castillo Viera, E. (2009). La percepciòn de la evoluciòn en las competèncias en el alumnado de màster ed educaciòn fisico-deportiva [The opinion about the evolution in the student skills in the Physical Education and Sports Master. In Spain.]. Revista de Ciencias del Deporte, 5 (3), 123-135.
Schmidt, R., & Lee, T. (2013). Motor Learning and Performance, 5E With Web Study Guide: From Principles to Application. Human Kinetics.
Shulman, L. S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15, 4-14.
Tillema, H. (2009). Assessment for learning to teach. Journal of Teacher Education, 60(2), 155-167.Thomas, A., & Stratton, G. (2006). What we are really doing with ICT in physical education: a national audit of equipment, use, teacher attitudes, support, and training. British Journal of Educational Technology, 37(4), 617- 632.
Tomkinson, G. R., & Olds, T. S. (2007). Secular changes in pediatric aerobic fitness test performance: The global picture. Medicine and Sport Science, 50, 46-66.
Torre, E. M., & Ricchiardi, P. (2007). Le competenze dell'insegnante. Strumenti e percorsi di autovalutazione. [Teacher's competencies. Ways and means of self-evaluation. In Italian.] Roma: Centro studi Erickson.
Vitali, F., & Spoltore, L. (2010). Da un'esigenza sociale ad una figura professionale: competenze e spazi di occupabilità del laureato in Scienze Motorie. [From social needs to professional figure: competencies and employability of the graduate in The Sport Science. In Italian.] Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dello Sport, 8, 32-42.
Wang, C., & Ha, A. (2008). The teacher development in physical education: A review of the literature. Asian Social Science, 4(12), 3-18.
Weinert, F. E. (2001). Concept of Competence: A Conceptual Clarification. In L. H. Salganik & D. S. Rychen (Eds.), Defining and Selecting Key Competencies. Seattle: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers.
Wiegand, R. L., Bulger, S. M., & Mohr, D. J. (2004). Curricular issues in physical education teacher education: Which foundational courses do PETE students really need? Should more time be spent on pedagogical content knowledge? Is the curriculum presented in the best order? Read on. The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 75(8), 47-56.
Yaman, M. (2007). The competence of physical education teachers in computer use. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology (TOJET), 6(4), 5. [Available online at: http://www.tojet.net/articles/v6i4/645.pdf], Retrived on 14 August 2007.