Beslenmenin Bilişsel Gelişim ve Fonksiyonları ile İlişkisi

Bilişsel gelişim, genetik ve beslenmenin de içinde yer aldığı çevresel faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Beslenmenin bilişsel gelişim ve fonksiyonlarına etkisi konusunda yapılan çalışmalar irdelendiğinde, diyetle yeterli miktarlarda enerji, protein, çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, antioksidan vitaminler, demir, iyot ve çinko gibi besin öğelerinin alınmasının bilişsel gelişim ve fonksiyonlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.

The Relationship of Nutrition and Cognitive Development and It's Functions

Cognitive development is affected by genetic and enviromental factors including nutrition. In this paper, the efficiency of nutrition on cognitive development and functions has been reviewed. It has been found out that the consumption of sufficient level of energy, protein, poly unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, iron and zinc in diet, effect cognitive development and it's'sfunctions positively.

___

  • Anderson JW, Johnstone MB, Remly DT. (1999). Breast-feeding and cognitive development: a meta analaysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70:525-35.
  • Baysal A. (1995). Anne sütünün önemi. II. Ulusal Beslenme ve Diyetetik Kongresi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Ankara.
  • Baysal A. (1999). Kahvaltı ve okul başarısı. Beslenme ve Diyetetik Dergisi, 28(l):l-3.
  • Benton D, Parker PY. (1998). Breakfast, blood glucose and cognition. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67S:77S.
  • Bjerve KS, Brubakk AM, Fougner KJ, Johsen H, Midthjell K, Vik T. (1993). Omega-3 fatty acids: essential fatty acids with important biological effects, and serum phospholipid fatty acids as markers of dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57(suppl):801S-6S.
  • Bozkurt N, Güneyli U. (1986). Ankara Etimesgut-Çubuk köylerinde yaşayan 0-35 ay arasındaki çocukların beslenme ve gelişim durumlarının etkileşimleri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 23(1): 22.
  • Crawford MA. (1993). The role of essential fatty acids on neurologic development: Effects perinatal nutrition. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (suppl); 703-710.
  • FAO/WHO Çalışma Grubu Raporu. (2QQ).Besine dayalı beslenme rehberlerinin hazırlanması ve kullanılması. (Çeviri Edt: Aykut M. Günay O. Öztürk Y) Kayseri: Erciyes Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 129.
  • Galler JR, Ramsey F, Solimano G, Lowell WE. (1983). The influence of early malnutrition on subsequent behavioral development II. Classroom behaviour. Journal of Acad Child Pshchiatry, 22:16-22.
  • Goldman WJ, Belton N. Nel E, Oberklaide F, Santo-Ocamo P, Saul I, Wu TC, Ding ZY. (2001). The influence of early nutrition on physical cognitive, and emotional development. Singapore: International Seminars in Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 10:9-11.
  • Gökmen H, Koksal G. (2001). Bebek beslenmesinde yağ asitlerinin önemi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 30 (l):35-44.
  • Grantham Me, Gregor SM, Walker SP, Chang SM , Powell CA. (1997). Effect of early childhood supplementation with and without stimulation on later development in stunted Jamaican children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 66;247.
  • Guilarte TR. (1993). Vitamin B6 and cognitive development: Recent reaserch finding from human and animal studies. Nutrition Review, 51(7):193-198.
  • Hesse A, Rivera MR, de Diaz I, Ouirk GJ. (1998). Central somatosensory conduction time in severely growth-stunted children, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67:93.
  • İnsanoğlu, İ. H. (2002). Internetten sağlık haberleri. _____http://www.sizinti.com.tr/konular/02/haziran/in-ternet.htm>
  • Kalmijn S, Feskens EJ, Launer LJ, Kromhout D. (1997). Polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and cognitive function in very old men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 145:33-41.
  • Lucas A, Morley N, Isaacs E. (2001). Nurtition and mental development. Nutrition. Review, 2:24-33.
  • Makrides M, Neuman M, Simmer K, Pater J, Gibson R. (1995). Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids essential nutrients in infancy? Lancet, 345:1463-1468.
  • Mendez MA, Adair LS. (1999). Severity and timing of stunting in the first two years of life affect performance on cognitive tests in late childhood. Journal of Nutrition, 129:1555-1562.
  • Meydani M. (2001). Antioxidants and cognitive function. Nutrition Review, 59: S75-82.
  • Ortega RM, Requejo AM, Andres P, Navia B, Perea JM, Rubles F. (1997). Dietary intake and cognitive function in a group of elderly people. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 66:803.
  • Ortega RM, Requejo AM, Lopez-Sobaler AM, Quintas ME, Redondo MR, Navia B, Rivas T. (2002). Cognitive function in elderly people is influenced by vitamin E status. Journal of Nutrition, 132:2065-2068.
  • Pekcan G. (1984). İlkokul çocuklarında demir yetersizliği anemisi, enfeksiyon ve okul başarısı arasındaki etkileşimler üzerine bir araştırma. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 13:51-66.
  • Penland JG. (2000). Behavioural data and methodology issues in studies of zinc nutrition in humans. Journal of Nutrition, 130: 361S-364S.
  • Perrig WJ, Perrig P, Stavelin HB. (1997) The relation between antioxidants and memory performance in the old and very old. Journal of American. Geriatric Soc. 45:718-724.
  • Pollitt E. (1999). Early iron deficiency anemia and later mental retardation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69:4-5.
  • Pollitt E. (2000). Developmental sequal from early nutriti-onal deficiencies: conclusive and probability judjements. Journal of Nutrition, 130:350-3538.
  • Sanders TAB, Naismith DJ. (1979). A comparison of the influence of breast-feeding and bottle feeding on the fatty acid composition of the erythrocytes. British Journal of Nutrition, 41:619-23.
  • Scott DT, Janowsky JS, Carroll RE, Taylor JA, Auestad N&Montalto M (1998). Formula suplementation with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: are there developmental benefits? Pediatrics, 102, E59.
  • Simeon TD. (1998). School feeding in Jamaica: A review of its evaluation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67 (suppl) 790S-4S.
  • Soner G, Kurdoğlu G. Sökücü S. (1989). Protein Enerji Malnütrisyonu. Neyzi O,(edt), Pediatri L (Cilt 2). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi.
  • Tucker DM, Penland JG, Sandstead HH, Milne DB, Heck DG, Klevay LM. (1990). Nutritional status and brain function in aging. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 52: 93.
  • Uauy D, Mena P, Hoffman DR. (1994). EFA's nutrition in 1BW. ACTA Pediatr, 405 (suppl):78-85.
  • Uauy R, Hoffman DR. (2000). Essential fat requirements of preterm infants. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71 (suppl):245-250.
  • UNICEF. (1998). Dünya Çocuklarının Durumu.
  • Wainwright PE. (1997). Arachidonic acid offsets the effects on mouse brain and behaviour of a diet with a low n-6/n-3 ratio and very high levels of DHA. Journal of. Nutrition, 127:184-193.
  • Wainwright PE.(2000). Nutrition and behaviour: the role of n-3 fatty acids in cognitive function. British Jour-nal of Nutrition, 83: 337-339.
  • Willatts P, Forsyth JS, DiModugno MK, Varma S, Colvin M.(1998). Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula on problem solving at 10 months of age. Lancet, 29;352(9129):688-91.