Entegrasyonun Politika Amaçlarına Ulaşmada Avusturalya'daki Mülteci Krizinin Ele Alınması

Bu makale deniz üzerinden yetkisiz bir şekilde gelenler ya da botla gelen sığınmacılar için 2014 yılında Güvenli Sığınma Girişimi Vizesinin (SHEV) kabul edilmesini inceler. Bu yeni model sığınmacıya, eğer gerçek bir mülteci ise, Avusturalya’nın göç çerçevesindeki mevcut diğer vize akımlarını izleyerek kalıcılık ihtimali olan geçici koruma imkânı verir. Söz konusu vize sığınmacıya Avusturalya’da okuma ve çalışma hakkı verir. Ardından başvuru sahibinin bu vizeye üç buçuk yıl sahip olması durumunda, başvuru sahibi Avusturalya göç çerçevesi bünyesinde ilgili kriterlerini karşıladığı mevcut diğer vize türlerine de başvurma hakkı kazanır. Uygulamada bu, koruma yükümlülükleri ve ülkenin belirli alanlarındaki vasıflı işgücü eksikliği gibi birçok sorunu çözmektedir ve sonuç olarak entegrasyon konusunda karşılaşılan sorunları desteklediği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu makale kabul eden ülkede, yani Avusturalya’da kullanılmak üzere yeteneklerine dayanılarak kalıcılığa giden yolda sığınmacıların karşısına yeni bir kriter çıkaran bu yeni modelin gelişimini ve ilerleyişini inceleyecektir. Yeteneklerinin kullanımı sığınmacıyı Avusturalya’ya entegrasyonu hususunda desteklerken Avusturalya’ya katkıda bulunma algısını destekleyebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avusturalya’nın Güvenli Sığınma Girişimi Vizesi, Sığınmacılar İçin Kalıcılığa Giden Yol, Entegrasyon

The Consideration of Refugee Rights in Australia in its Role in Reaching the Policy Aims of Integration

This paper examines Australia’s adoption of a Safe Haven Enterprise Visa (SHEV) in 2014 for unauthorised maritime arrivals, or asylum seekers who arrived by boat. This new model allows the asylum seeker, if found to be a genuine refugee, temporary protection with the potential of permanency through the pathway of other existing visa streams in Australia’s Migration framework. This visa provides the asylum seeker the right to study or work in regional Australia. Subsequently, if the applicant holds this visa for three and a half years, the applicant is then eligible to apply for any other available visas within the Australian Migration framework for which they satisfy the relevant criteria. This, in practice, resolves a number of issues; protection obligations and skilled labour shortages in certain areas of the country and is argued to assist, consequently, in the issues of integration. The paper will examine the development and progress of this new model, which adds another criterion for asylum seekers for their pathway for permanency through their skill base to be used in the receiving country, namely Australia. The use of their skills can assist in the perception of contribution to Australia whilst also assisting the asylum seeker in integrating within Australia.

Keywords:

Australia’s Safe Haven Enterprise Visa, Pathway for permanency for asylum seekers, Integration,

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