The geology and geochemistry of the gypsum deposits in Northern Cyprus

Kuzey Kıbrıs'da yayılım gösteren Üst Miyosen (Geç Mesiniyen) yaşlı jips yatakları diğer Akdeniz basenleri içerisinde yer alan evaporit yataklarının üst evaporit serilerinin eşdeğeridir. Bu jips fasiyeslerinin büyük çoğunluğu birincil oluşumlu olup, sualtı çökeliminin ürünleridir. İri kristallerden oluşan selenitik jipsler sığlaşan bir su ortamını, ince taneli kristalli laminalardan oluşan laminalı ve tabakalı jipsler ise göreceli olarak daha derin bir su ortamını işaret ederler. Nodüler anhidrit, karbonat şeklinde başlayan eyaporit çökelimi ortamının daha sonra yoğunlaşan deniz suyu beslerimesiyle gelişeh süreçler sonucunda karbonatların jipse dönüştüğü izlerim taşır. Bufasiyes içerisinde yer alan jips çökellerinin içerdiği pirinç tanesi büyüklüğüne kadar ulaşan ince karbonat kırıntıları da göl tipi bir çökelim ortamının ürünleridir. Büyük çoğunluğunun yeraltısuyu arama sondajlarında gözlendiği jips molozları ise evaporit çökeliminin tamamlanmasından sonraki basen şartlarında hüküm süren tektonik aktiviteye işaret eder. Jips yataklarının tabanında gözlenen kükürt nodülleri ise basen ortamının, başlangıçta anaerobik bakterilerinin hüküm sürdüğü indirgen bir ortamın varlığının kanıtıdır. Mikroprop incelemelerinde gözlenen Stronsiyum zenginleşmeleri, jips'in çökeldiği basenin belli dönemlerde karadan gelen sularla; sınırlı olarak yapılan izotop incelemelerinde ise Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta görülen jipslerin de diğer Akdeniz basenlerindeki gibi aynı deniz suyu kaynağından beslendiği kanaatine varılmıştır.

Kuzey Kıbrısta yayılım gösteren jips yataklarının jeolojisi ve jeokimyası

Upper Miocene (Late Messinian) gypsum deposits in Northern Cyprus are the equivalents of the Upper Evaporit e s within other Mediterranean evaporite basins. Most of these gypsum fades are of primary origin and are the products of a submarine deposition. Selenitic gypsum consisting of coarse crystals indicate shallower environment while laminated and banded gypsum deposits consisting of fine-grained crystals are indicative of a relatively deep aqueous environment. Evaporite deposition, which was started as nodular anhydrite and carbonate precipitation then changed to gypsum as a result of intense high salinity processes. Fine calcite particles in this fades up to rice size are products of lagoon or lacustrine environment. Gypsum nodules most of which were observed in explanatory water wells indicate the presence of a tectonic activity prevailed in the basin following the completion of evaporate deposition. Sulfur nodules at the base of gypsum deposits are indicative of anaerobic bacterial activity at the beginning of deposition. Strontium enrichment detected in microprobe studies reveals that terrestrial waters fed the basin predominantly. In addition, isotope works indicate that sea water also played an important role in formation of Northern Cyprus gypsum deposits like in other Mediterranean evaporite basins.

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