Selva SERTKAYA, Recai ARSLAN, Ayhan TOZLUOĞLU, Hakan FİDAN, Özlem EROL, H. İbrahim ÜNAL, Zeki CANDAN

Buğday sapından nanoselüloz üretiminde farklı enzimatik ön muamele işlemlerinin etkisi

Kök, sap, saman, yaprak ve kabuk vb. gibi lignoselülozik hammadde kaynaklarından elde edilebilen nanoselüloz, kullanım potansiyeli ile orman ürünleri alanında önemli bir malzemedir. Tarımsal faaliyetler sonucu ortaya çıkar ve sahip olduğu fiziksel, kimyasal ve morfolojik özellikleri ile kullanıldığı nihai ürünlere olumlu etkiler sağlar. Literatürde nanoselüloz üretim yöntemi olarak sıklıkla kullanılan alkali veya asidik üretim yöntemine nazaran enzimatik hidroliz yöntemi daha az araştırılmıştır. Genel olarak, enzimatik hidroliz yoluyla nanoselüloz üretim süreçleri ile selüloz nanofibriller (CNF) üretilirken, enzimatik olmayan işlemler ile kristal nanoselülozlar (CNC) üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilk kez buğday sapından elde edilen soda-NaBH4 ağartılmış kağıt hamuru liflerine iki farklı enzimatik ön muamele (hemiselülaz Pulpzyme HC 2500 ve selülaz Celluclast 1.5 L ticari enzimleri) ve ardından gerçekleştirilen homojenizasyon işlemi ile CNF elde edilmiş, homojenizasyon işlemi sonrası elde edilen CNF’ nin kimyasal, morfolojik, termal ve reolojik özelliklerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Enzimatik ön muamele işlemleri sonrasında gerçekleştirilen HPLC analizleri; artan enzim konsantrasyonlarında yapıdan daha fazla miktarda karbonhidratın uzaklaştırıldığını ve yüksek basınç altında gerçekleştirilen homojenizasyon sonrasında alınan SEM görüntüleri liflerin CNF üretiminde homojen bir şekilde nano boyuta indirgendiğini (ortalama 20-50 nm lif çapı) ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

buğday sapı, ön muamele, enzimatik hidroliz, cnf, homojenizasyon

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