Biyosensörler

Biyosensörler, analitlerin derişimi ile orantılı ölçülebilir sinyal elde edebilmek amacıyla bir biyolojik algılayıcı ve fiziksel dönüştürücü ile birleştirilmiş cihazlardır. Biyosensörler yüksek duyarlıklı, hızlı cevap süresine sahip, basit ve ucuz cihazlardır. Bu nedenle biyosensörler teşhis ve tedavide birden çok kullanım alanına sahiptir. Biyosensörlerin çeşitli uygulamaları arasında gıda teknolojisi, biyoteknoloji, genetik mühendisliği, nanoteknoloji, kanser dâhil tıbbi teşhisler, enzim çalışmaları, antikor çalışmaları ve DNA çalışmaları bulunmaktadır. Biyosensörlerin tasarımında enzimler, nükleik asitler gibi biyomateryaller kullanılabildiği gibi doğrudan doku veya mikroorganizmaların da kullanılması mümkündür. Biyosensörlerin tasarımında farklı dönüştürücü türleri kullanılmakla birlikte yaygın olarak elektrokimyasal dönüştürücüler kullanılmaktadır. Biyosensörlerin kablosuz sistemlerle birleştirilerek uzaktan, hızlı, yüksek doğrulukta verilerin elde edilmesi de sağlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyosensör, Amperometri, Enzim

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