Hayvan Halk Masallarında Arjantin Yerli Kültürü

Bağımsız bir ulus olarak Arjantin’in tarihi, 1816’da başlatılmaktaysa da İspanyolfatihler tarafından kuruluşu XVI. Yüzyıla kadar uzanır. Dünyanın en güneyindeyer alan bu çok kültürlü Latin Amerika ulusu, ilk kez Hispanik fethi ile gelenAvrupa kültürel mirası ile eski yerel yerli köklerin birleştiği bir ülkedir. Arjantin'inbaşkenti Buenos Aires'in ilk kuruluşu, İspanyol fatih Pedro de Mendoza Arjantintarafından 1536 yılında gerçekleşti. Bununla birlikte, yerli halk eski çağlardanberi Arjantin topraklarında yaşamaktaydı. İspanyol fatihler ülkeye yerleştiğinde,1813›te özgürlüklerini elde eden Afrikalı köleleri de satın aldılar. XIX. yüzyılınsonlarından bu yana Arjantin, başta İspanya ve İtalya’dan, ayrıca Asya ve Afrikave Avrupa’dan ve diğer Güney Amerika ülkelerinden yeni göç dalgaları aldı.Tüm bu kültür karışımı, halk anlatı metinlerinde ve koleksiyonlarında yansıtılanArjantin’in çok ırklı bir profilinin izini sürmeye katkıda bulunmuştur.Arjantin halk anlatısı içindeki hayvan masalları, yerli ve Avrupa kültürlerininkarışımını yansıttıkları için son derece ilginç veriler yansıtmaktadır. Makalede buanlatılardaki karma kültürel yapı, metin analiz yöntemleriyle saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kültürleşme

Argentinean Indigenous Culture in Animal Folktales

The history of Argentina as an independent nation began in 1816, although itsfoundation by the Hispanic conquerors took place in the XVIth century. Thismulticultural Latin American nation, located in the very south of the world,combines ancient vernacular indigenous roots with European cultural heritage,which arrived for the first time with the Hispanic conquest. The first foundation ofBuenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, by the Spanish conqueror Pedro de MendozaArgentina, took place in 1536. Nevertheless, indigenous people have been living inthe Argentinean territory since ancient times. When the Spanish conquerors settleddown in the country, they also bought African slaves, who obtained their freedomin 1813. Since the late XIXth, Century Argentina received new waves of Europeanmigration, mainly from Spain and Italy, but also from Asia, Africa, and from otherSouth American countries. All this blend of cultures contributed to tracing a multi-ethnicalprofile of Argentina, mirrored in folk narrative texts and collections.Animal tales are highly relevant expressions of Argentinian folk narrative sincethey reflect such a blend of indigenous and European cultures.

Keywords:

Argentina folk tales, local culture, interculturality, acculturation fairy tale and culture,

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