Ceren LORDOĞLU

Ev Kurarak Güçlenmenin İmkânları

Mekân ve duygular arasındaki ilişki sosyal yaşamın farklı bir katmanı hakkında önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Ancak duyguların, evle ilgili araştırmalarda inceleme konusu olması henüz çok yenidir. Bu makalede ev ve duygular arasındaki kurucu ve dinamik ilişki, duygu coğrafyasının ve ilişkisel mekân yaklaşımının kavramlarıyla tartışılır. Kadınlar arasındaki farklılığın hesaba katılmasıyla, eleştirel coğrafyacıların ve kültürel antropologların sosyal mekân çalışmaları bir araya geldiğinde, evi farklı yönleriyle de düşünmek mümkün olmuştur. Bu noktada evi kadınlar için tümüyle olumsuz ele alan bir feminist yaklaşım yerine, çoklu ilişkileri ve koşulların mevcudiyetini savunan eleştirel feminist düşünürlerle benzer bir çizgi benimsenir. İstanbul’da yaşayıp, yeni ev kurmuş iki farklı gruptan toplam 19 kadınla yaptığım derinlemesine görüşmeye dayalı alan araştırmasının bulguları makale kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Görüştüğüm kadınların ev ve ev içi maddi dünya ile kurdukları ilişkide duyguların nasıl bir rolü olduğu ele alınmaktadır. Araştırma bulgularına bağlı olarak kadınlar için ev, sadece görünmeyen emeğin, patriarkal baskının, ev içi şiddetin mekânı olarak değil, aynı zamanda olumlu duygularla güçlenebildikleri, gururlandıkları ve cesaretlendikleri mekân olarak da tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ev, ev kurma, duygular, ev içi maddi dünya, kadınların güçlenmesi

Possibilities of Empowerment Through Homemaking

The relationship between space and emotions encompasses a substantial layer of social life in which they are enacted. This article examines the mutually constitutive relationship between home and emotions from a feminist perspective, emphasizing the positive aspects of the foundational and dynamic relationship between home and emotions rather than the feminist viewpoint that portrays home as entirely negative for women. To endeavor this, I present the results of my qualitative research based on a series of in-depth interviews with two separate groups of 19 women who left their homes and set up new homes in İstanbul. The research focused on the findings on the role of emotions in forming relationships with home and the extended domestic material world. The results indicate that home can be discovered for women not only as a place of invisible labor, patriarchal oppression, and domestic violence, but also as a place of empowerment, confidence, and encouragement.

Keywords:

home, emotions, homemaking, domestic material world, women's empowerment,

PDF

___

Aliefendioğlu, H., Behçetoğulları, P. (2019). Displacement, memory and home(less) identities: Turkish Cypriot women’s narratives. Gender, Place and Culture, 26 (10),1472–1492. https://doi.org/10.108 0/0966369X.2018.1556613
Baran, H. E., Gülmez, N. Ü. (2020). ‘Home,’ The negotiated place: Narratives of transnational homemaking practices of Turkish-Germans in Schleswig-Holstein. Home Cultures, 1–24. https://doi.org /10.1080/17406315.2020.1827362
Birkalan, H. (1999). Homemaking and story telling in a gecekondu in İstanbul. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Folklore Institute Indiana University.
Birkalan, H. (2000). Gecekondu, hayat hikâyeleri ve evler: Halkbilim ve etnografide saha çalışması ve refleksif yazın üzerine bir deneme. folklor/edebiyat VI, no. XXII,163-172.
Blunt, A. (2005). Cultural geography: Cultural geographies of home. Progress in Human Geography, 29(4), 505–515. https://doi.org/10.1191/0309132505ph564pr
Blunt, A., Dowling, R. M. (2006). Home. Routledge.
Blunt, A., Varley, A. (2004). Geographies of home. Cultural Geographies, 11, 3–6. https://doi. org/10.1191/1474474004eu289xx
Bora, A. (2009). Rüyası ömrümüzün çünkü eşyaya siner. (A. Alkan, Ed.) Cins Cins Mekân içinde, 63- 76. Varlık.
Burrell, K. (2014). Spilling over from the street: Contextualizing domestic space in an inner-city neighborhood. Home Cultures, 11(2),145–166. https://doi.org/10.2752/175174214X13891916944599.
Connellan, K. (2018). My room, my home, myself: Objects of memory in residential aged care. Home Cultures, 15(2),103–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/17406315.2018.1610604
Danacıoğlu, E. (2001). Geçmişin izleri:Yanıbaşımızdaki tarih için bir kılavuz. Tarih Vakfı Yurt.
Darke, J. (1994). Women and the meaning of home. R. Gilroy ve R. Woods (Eds.) Housing Women içinde, 9-26. Routledge.
Davidson, J., Smith, M. (2009). Emotional Geographies. R. Kitchin ve N. Thrift (Eds.) International Encyclopedia of Human Geography içinde, 440-445. Elsevier.
Davidson, J., Bondi, L. (2004). Spatializing affect; affecting space: an introduction. Gender, Place and Culture. 11 (1) 373-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369042000258686
Dovey, K. (1985). Home and Homelessness. (I.Altman ve C.Werner Ed.) Home Environments içinde, 33-64. Springer.
Easthope, H. (2004). A place called home. Housing, Theory and Society, 21(3), 128-138.
Friedan, B. (1963). The feminine mystique. Penguin.
Giles, J. (2004). The parlour and the suburb: Domestic identities, class, femininity and modernity. Berg.
Gregson, N., Lowe, M. (1995). ’Home-making: On the spatiality of daily social reproduction in contemporary middle-class Britain. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 20(2), 224. https://doi.org/10.2307/622433
H, Bell. (1990). Homeplace: A site of resistance. )B.Hooks, eds) Yearning, Race, Gender and Cultural Politics içinde. South End.
Hurdley, R. (2006). Dismantling mantelpieces: Narrating identities and materializing culture in the home. Sociology, 40(4), 717-733. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038506065157
Kim, H. (2019). Making homes here and away: Korean German nurses and practices of diasporic belonging. Journal of Cultural Geography, 36(3), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/08873631.2019. 1595335
Lordoğlu, C. (2018). İstanbul’da bekâr kadın olmak. İletişim.
Löfgren, O. (2014). The black box of everyday life. Cultural Analysis, 13, 77–98.
Lupton, D. (2002). Duygusal yaşantı (M. Cemal, Çev.) İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
Luzia, K. (2011). Growing home: Reordering the domestic geographies of “Throwntogetherness.” Home Cultures, 8(3), 297–316. https://doi.org/10.2752/175174211X13099693358834
Mallett, S. (2004). Understanding home: A critical review of the literature. The Sociological Review, 52(1), 62–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2004.00442.x
McCarthy, L. (2020). Homeless women, material objects and home (un)making. Housing Studies, 35(7), 1309–1331. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1659235
Massey, D. (1994). Space, place and gender. University of Minnesota.
Massey, D. (2005). For space. Sage.
Miller, D. (Ed.). (2001). Home possessions: Material culture behind closed doors. Berg.
Miller, D. (2002). Accomodating. C. Painter (Ed.), Contemporary Art and The Home içinde, 115–130. Berg.
Neumark, D. (2013). Drawn to beauty: The practice of house beautification as homemaking amongst the forcibly displaced. Housing, Theory and Society, 30(3), 237–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/140 36096.2013.789071.
Peake, L. J. (2020). Gender and the City. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography içinde, s. 281–292. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10186-6.
Rosaldo, M. (1974). Woman, Culture and Society: A Theoretical Overview. Rosaldo M. and Lamphere L. (Eds), Woman, Culture, and Society içinde, 17-42. Stanford.
Rose, G. (1993). Feminism and geography: The limits of geographical knowledge. Polity.
Oakley, A. (1974). Housewife. Allen Lane.
Sharp, J. (2009). Geography and gender: What belongs to feminist geography? Emotion, power and change. progress in human geography, 33(1), 74–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132508090440.
Sirman, N. Ekal, B. (2020). Feminist kavramlar, tartışmalar: Farklılıklarımızı düşünmek. (F. Saygılıgil ve N. Berber, Ed.) Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce Feminizm içinde, 499-506. İletişim.
Skelton, T. (2009). Doreen Massey. R. Kitchin ve N. Thrift (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography. İçinde, 6, 497–500. Elsevier.
Thien, D. (2005). After or beyond feeling? A consideration of affect and emotion in geography. Area, 37(4), 450–454. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4762.2005.00643a.x
Visser, R. (2018). Homemaking, temporality and later life. Home Cultures, 15(3), 289–307. https://doi. org/10.1080/17406315.2018.1690295
Wardhaugh, J. (1999). The unaccommodated woman: Home, homelessness and identity. The Sociological Review, 47(1), 91–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-954X.00164
Warrington, M. (2001). ‘I must get out’: The geographies of domestic violence. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 26(3), 365–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-5661.00028
Young, I. M. (2005). On female body experience. Oxford University.
Elektronik kaynaklar : Gurney, C. M. (1997). “… Half of me was satisfied”: Making sense of home through episodic ethnographies. Women’s Studies International Forum, 20(3), s.373–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0277-5395(97)00021-6 Erişim: 8.1.2021, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S0277539597000216.
Kılıçkıran, D. (2013). Woman, home and the question of identity. Kadın / Woman 2000, 14(1), s.1–28. Erişim: 12.12.2020, https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/publication/paper/detail/TVRRNE5EQTFOUT09.
Meth, P. (2003). Rethinking the ‘domus’ in domestic violence: Homelessness, space and domestic violence in South Africa. Geoforum, 34(3), s.317–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7185(03)00005-8 Erişim: 28.8.2019, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718503000058?casa_ token=D0GtKAobMWgAAAAA:4qoW8PT1sTG5ejp8rMF-NgFHhQv2CVUJTI690aUimC2_ yt63hNSJjcWc_BeWXJKWT4ybfwm24Q0
Pala, A. (2015). Displacement and resettlement: Loss and reconstruction of home in the context of forced migration and gender. Moment Journal, 2(1), s.81–99. https://doi.org/10.17572/mj2015.1.8199 Erişim: 20.02.2019, https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/446913