Ciddi Yanıklı Hastanın Acil Dönemdeki Bakımı

Yanıklar, nekroz ve sistemik hasarların geliştiği, insanların acı çekmesine, sakat kalmasına ve ölmesine neden olan, ülke ekonomisine ciddi yükler getiren önemli travmalardan biridir. Acil dönem, yanığın oluşması ile birlikte sıvı kaybı ve ödem gelişimini izleyen, sıvı tedavisinin tamamlanmasına ve diürezin başlamasına kadar devam eden, yaklaşık 2448 saat süren dönemdir. Bu dönemde doğru, eksiksiz, hızlı tanılama yapılarak, yaşam kurtarıcı acil girimlerin hemen başlatılması gerekmektedir. Uygulanacak bakım girişimleri havayolu açıklığını, solunumu, dolaşımı sağlama ve sürdürme, sıvı tedavisi, yara bakımı ve beslenme desteğine temellenir. Yanıklı hastaya bakım veren hemşire, yanık sonrası oluşan fizyolojik değişikliklere ilişkin güncel ve kapsamlı bilgiye ve hastanın durumundaki ani değişiklikleri fark edebilecek kritik değerlendirme becerisine sahip olmalıdır. Ayrıca hemşire, yaşam riskinin yanında ciddi travma nedeniyle psikososyal sorun yaşayan hasta ve ailesine duyarlı, nazik ve şefkatli bir tutum içinde, gereksinimleri temelinde bakım sağlayabilmelidir

The Care of Patient with Major Burn in the Emergency Period

Burns are one of the important traumas which cause to necrosis and systemic damages, to lead people to suff er, to become disabled and even to death, and to bring severe burdens on the country's economy. The emergency period is the time of about 24-48 hours that begins with the formation of burn, followed by loss of fl uid and developing of oedema, continues until completing the treatment of fl uid and beginning the diuresis. Within this period, the life-saving emergency interventions are required to be started immediately by performing an accurate, complete and rapid diagnosis. Care interventions to be applied are based on ensuring and sustaining the intact airway passage, respiration and circulation, fl uid-electrolyte balance and wound care as well as on nutritional support. The nurse who provides care to the patient with burn should have the actual and comprehensive knowledge regarding the physiological changes occurred post-burn period and the skill of critical evaluation to realize the sudden changes in the patient's condition. In addition to this, the nurse should be able to provide care to the patient who experiences psychosocial problem due to trauma besides the risk of life and their family, in a sensitive, gentle and caring attitude, based on their requirements

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