Lipozomlar ve Genel Özellikleri

İlaç taşıyıcı sistemlerden birisi olan lipozomlar tek veya birçok tabakadan oluşan, aynı zamanda aralarında sulu bir faz bulunan küresel keseciklerdir. Hidrofilik ve hidrofobik bölgeler içermelerinden dolayı su ve yağda eriyen maddeleleri taşıyabilme, etken maddeleri kontrollü salıverme, bu etken maddeleri hedef bölgeye taşıyabilme ve biyolojik olarak yıkımlanma özelliklerine sahiptir. Esas olarak lipozomlar fosfolipitlerden oluşur; yapı ve içerik bakımından hücre zarına benzerlik göstermesi, zehirliliği olmaması ve kimyasal içeriklerinin araştırmacılarca ayarlanabilmesi sebeblerinden dolayı, araştırıcılar tarafından yıllardan beri model zar olarak kullanılmıştır. Lipozomlar son yıllarda en fazla araştırılan konulardan biridir. Bu derlemede lipozomların genel özellikleri, sınıflandırılmaları, hazırlanma şekilleri ve kullanım alanları ile ilgili bilgiler verilmektedir.

Liposomes and Their General Characteristics

Liposomes, one of the drug delivery systems, are spherical vesicles consisting of single or multiple layers and also having an aqueous phase between them. They are capable of transporting molecules in water and oil, controlled-releasing active ingredients , transporting these substances to the target region, and biologically degrading themselves, due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions they contain. Liposomes, mainly composed of phospholipids, have been used as model membranes by scientists for many years because of their similarity to the cell membrane in terms of structure and content, lack of their toxicity and their chemical content that can be adjusted by the researchers. Liposomes are one of the most studied topics in recent years. In this review, information on related with general characteristics, classification, preparation forms and application areas of liposomes are given.

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