Bütün Parçaların Toplamından Daha Fazladır: Eğitim Bilimlerinde Sistematik Derleme Nasıl Yazılır?

Sosyal bilimlerde her geçen gün artan araştırmalar, araştırmacılara farklı bağlamlarda karşılaştırmalı çalışmalar yapma fırsatı sunmaktadır. Araştırma sayısı arttıkça hem araştırmacılar hem uygulayıcılar, müdahale programlarının (uygulamaların) etkililiğinin ne olduğu konusunda çelişkiye düşmektelerdir. Nitekim sonuçlar karmaşık, tutarsız ya da çelişkili olabilmektedir. Bu noktada, araştırmalar üstü çalışmaların yapılmasına gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı sistematik derlemelerin eğitim bilimlerinde kullanımı hakkında bilgi vermektir. Sistematik derlemeler, araştırmacılara, politika yapıcılara ve uygulayıcılara bir konuda derinlemesine ve detaylı sonuçlar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sistematik derlemenin tanımı, eğitim bilimlerinde kullanımı ve aşamaları alanyazındaki tartışmalar ışığında derlenmiştir. Buna göre sistematik derlemenin üç aşamasından söz edilebilir. Bu aşamalar; derlemenin tasarlanması, arama ve tarama ile derlemenin raporlaştırılmasıdır. Sistematik derleme tasarlanırken dikkat edilmesi gereken bazı yanlılık türleri vardır. Bu yanlılık türleri ise seçim, basım, gecikme, seçici sonuç raporlama, yanlılık riski değerlendirmesinin azlığı, dil, duplikasyon ve veritabanı yanlılığıdır. Sistematik derleme hazırlanırken çeşitli yazılımlar ve platformalardan yararlanılabilir; ancak özellikle yanlılık oluşmaması açısından bunların dikkatli kullanılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

geleneksel derleme, sistematik derleme, nitel ve nicel sistematik derleme

The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts: How to Write A Systematic Review in Educational Sciences?

Increasing research in social sciences offers researchers the opportunity to conduct comparative studies in different contexts. As the number of studies increases, both researchers and practitioners are conflicted about the effectiveness of the interventions. In fact, the outcomes may be complicated, conflicting, or inconsistent. Therefore, further studies are required. The aim of this study is to provide information on how systematic reviews can be used in the educational sciences. Systematic reviews offer comprehensive and in-depth findings on a subject to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners. In this study, the definition of systematic review, its application in educational sciences, and its stages were compiled in light of the discussions in the literature. Accordingly, a systematic review can be divided into three stages: designing of the systematic review, search and screening, and review reporting. When conducting a systematic review, some biases need to be taken into account, including selection, publication, time-lag, selective outcome reporting, lack of risk of bias assessment, duplication, language, duplicate publication, and database biases. Various platforms and software can be used while preparing a systematic review; however, these should be used carefully, especially to avoid bias.

Keywords:

traditional review, systematic review, qualitative and quantitative systematic review,

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