ULUSLARARASI ŞİRKETLERİN ULUSLARARASI İNSAN HAKLARI HUKUKU AÇISINDAN HESAP VEREBİLİRLİĞİ SORUNU

Günümüzde, uluslararası şirketler faaliyetlerinde hükümetlerin kullandığı güç niteliğinde güç kullanmaktadırlar. Bu gücün nüfuz alanı giderek genişlemekte, devletleri ve hatta uluslararası kuruluşları etkilemekte, ulusal ve uluslararası düzeylerde hukuk ve politika değişimlerine yön vermektedir. Bu itibarla, şirketlerin faaliyette bulundukları bölgelerde ulaştıkları güç ve etki karşısında, sosyal sorumluluk ve ceza hukuku sorumluluğu anlayışından öte, uluslararası insan hakları hukuku bakımından sorumluluk ve hesap verebilirliklerinin tam olarak açıklığa kavuşturulması gerekmektedir. Zira, bu güç ve etkinin ulaştığı boyut karşısında hem ulusal hem de uluslararası aktörler kimi zaman zayıf kalabilmektedirler. Bu durum, insan hak ve özgürlüklerinin korunması açısından şirketlerin eylem ve ihmallerinden dolayı bir hesap verebilirlik açığı bulunduğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu makalede, bu gücün ulusal sınırları aşan niteliğinden dolayı uluslararası hukuk yoluyla sınırlandırılması ve uluslararası bir hesap verebilirlik düzeninin kurulması gereği incelenmektedir.

The Accountability Question of International Corporations Under the International Human Rights Law

Today, transnational corporations have been using quasi governmental power where they operate. The sphere of influence of this power has increasingly been expanding, affecting states and even international organisations, and thus shaping the changes in law and policies at both national and international levels. In this respect, beyond the understanding of social and criminal law responsibility, the increased power the corporations enjoy makes the need to channel the power cyristal clear and to establish responsibility and accountability of the corporations for their acts and omissions under the international human rights law. It is obvious that not only national actors but also international actors may become weak under the influence of the power. This means that there exists a corporate accountability gap in respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms across the globe. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to pay attention to human rights accountability of international corporations under international human rights law.

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