BAŞARISIZ DEVLETLER VE ULUSLARARASI HUKUK AÇISINDAN ORTAYA ÇIKARDIĞI SORUNLAR

Başarısız devlet kavramı siyasi olarak yeni bir kavram olmasına karşın 21. yüzyılın en önemli tehditlerden bir tanesidir. Başarısız devletler iç ve dış faktörlerin etkileşimiyle genel olarak otorite, meşruiyet ve kamusal hizmetlerin sağ- lanmasında ciddi zafiyet içerisinde olan devletlerdir. Başarısız devletler arasında teoride başarısız olmakta olan; başarısız; başarısızlık riski taşıyan; zayıf ve çökmüş devlet şeklinde ayrım yapılmaktadır. Terörizm, iç savaş, dış müdahale kavramları ile de devlet başarısızlığı arasında önemli bağlar vardır. Başarısız devlet dinamiklerinin anlaşılması terörizmle mücadelenin merkezini oluşturmaktadır. Başarısız devletler zayıflıkları ile dış müdahaleleri çekmektedir. Bu müdahaleler müdahale eden devletin menfaat aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Başarısız ve gelecekte başarısız olma ihtimali yüksek olan devletlerin güçlendirilmesi uluslararası toplumun önemli bir sorumluluğu olmalıdır. Zira zayıf devletleri başarısız olmamaları için güçlendirmek; çöktükten sonra işlevsel bir devlet haline getirmekten daha kolay ve daha az maliyetli olacaktır.

The Failed States and the Problems They Generate in Terms of International Law

The concept of failed state is one of the most important threats to 21. century s international order despite being a new political concept. Failed states generally fail to provide authority, legitimacy and public services due to the complex interaction between internal and external factors. There is a theoritical categorization among failed states as failing, failed, potential failed, weak, fragile and collapsed states. There is a significant connection between terorism, internal war, foreign intervention and failed states. Understanding the dynamics of failed states has a central place in countering terorism. Failed states increase the possibility of outside intervention as a result of their failures. These interventions are used as a tool in realising interest by intervening states. Empowering failed and potential failing states should be a fundamental responsibility of International Society. Hence, empowering weak states is easier and less costly before they fail than creating a functioning state after they fail.

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