EKOTURİZM FAALİYETLERİNE KATILAN BİREYLERİN DEĞER İNANÇ NORM TEORİSİ KAPSAMINDA ÇEVRE DOSTU DAVRANIŞLARININ AÇIKLANMASI

Bu araştırmanın amacı ekoturizm faaliyetlerine katılan turistik tüketicilerin çevre dostu davranışlarının değer inanç-norm teorisi kapsamında incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de ekoturizm faaliyetine katılan turistik tüketiciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama tekniği olarak anket formu kullanılmıştır. Toplam 395 katılımcıya anket formları doldurtulmuştur. Verilerin analiz edilmesi sürecinde Smart PLS istatistik programından faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde biyosferik, özgecil ve egoistik değerin ekolojik dünya görüşüne olumlu yönde etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ekolojik dünya görüşünün sonuçların farkındalığına, sonuçların farkındalığının ise sorumluluk yüklenmeye olumlu yönde anlamlı etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, sorumluluk yüklenmenin kişisel norma, kişisel normun ise çevre dostu davranışa olumlu yönde etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

___

  • Arslan, Y. (2003). Erdek ve Çevresinin Ekoturizm Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 33, 30-53.
  • Ay, U. (2017). Çevreci Tüketim Davranışlarının Değer-İnanç-Norm Kuramı Temelinde İncelenmesi. Tüketici ve Tüketim Araştırmaları Dergisi, (9)1, 1-33.
  • Bagozzi, R. P. ve Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
  • Batson, C. D. (1988). Altruism and Prosocial Behavior. İçinde D.T.Gilbert, S.T.Fiske ve G.Lind (Editör). Handbook of Soscial Psychology 282-316. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Choi, H., Jang, J. ve Kandampully, J. (2015). Application of the Extended VBN Theory to Understand Consumers’ Decision About Green Hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, (51)Ekim, 87-95.
  • De Groot, J. M., ve Steg, L. (2007). Value Orientations and Environmental Beliefs in Five Countries: Validity of an Instrument to Measure Egoistic, Altruistic and Biospheric Value Orientations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(3), 318-332.
  • De Groot, J. I., ve Steg, L. (2008). Value Orientations to Explain Beliefs Related to Environtental Significant Behavior: How to Measure Egoistic, Altruistic, and Biospheristic Value Orientations. Environment and Behaviour, 40(3), 330-354.
  • De Groot, J. I., ve Steg, L. (2009). Morality and Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Awareness, Responsibility and Norms in the Norm Activation Model. The Journal of Social Psychology, 149(4), 425-449.
  • De Groot, J. I. ve Steg, L. (2010) . Relationships Between Value Orientations, Self-Determined Motivational Types and Pro-Environmental Behavioural Intentions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 368-378.
  • Dervişoğlu, S., Menzel, S., Soran, H., ve Bögeholz, S. (2009). Değerler, İnançlar ve Problem Algısının Biyolojik Çeşitliliği Korumaya Yönelik Kişisel Normlara Etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 37, 50-59.
  • Dunlap, R., ve Van Liere, K. (1978). The "new environmental paradigm”: A proposed measuring instrument for environmental quality. Social Science Quarterly, 65, 1013-1028.
  • Dunlap, R. E., Van Liere, K. D., Mertig, A. G. ve Jones, R. E. (2000). New trends in measuring environmental attitudes: measuring endorsement of the new ecological paradigm: a revised NEP scale. Journal of social issues, 56(3), 425-442.
  • Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics, Journal of marketing research, May, 382-388.
  • Guagnano, G. A. , Stern, P. C. ve Dietz, T. (1995). Influences on Attitude-Behavior Relationship: A Nature Experiment with Curbside Receycling. Environment and Behavior, 27(5), 699-718.
  • Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B. ve Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Prentice-Hall.
  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M. ve Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414-433.
  • Han, H. (2015). Travelers' pro-environmental behavior in a green lodging context: Converging value-belief-norm theory and the theory of planned behavior. Tourism Management, 47(Nisan), 164-177.
  • Han, H. ve Hwang, J. (2016). Cruise travelers’ environmentally responsible decision-making: An integrative framework of goal-directed behavior and norm activation process. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53(Şubat), 94-105.
  • Jansson, J., Marell, A. ve Nordlund, A. (2010). Green Consumer Behavior: Determinants of Curtailment and Eco-Innovation Adoption. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 27(4), 358-370.
  • Kaiser, F. G., Hübner, G. ve Bogner, F. X. (2005). Contrasting the Theory of Planned Behavior with the Value‐Belief‐Norm Model in Explaining Conservation Behavior. Journal of applied social psychology, 35(10), 2150-2170.
  • Karp, D. G. (1996). Values and their effect on pro-environmental behavior. Environment and behavior, 28(1), 111-133.
  • Kiatkawsin, K. ve Han, H. (2017). Young Travelers’ Intention To Behave Pro-Environmentally: Merging the Value-Belief-Norm Theory and the Expectancy Theory. Tourism Management, 59, 76-88.
  • Klöckner, C. A. (2013). A Comprehensive Model of The Psychology of Environmental Behaviour-A Meta-Analaysis. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1028-038.
  • Krejcie, R. V. ve Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size For Research Activities. Educ Psychol Meas.
  • Schultz, P. W. (2001). The Structure of Environmental Concern: Concern for Self, Other People, and The Biosphere. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(4), 327-339.
  • Schultz, P. W., ve Zelezny, L. (1999). Values as Predictors of Environmental Atttitudes: Evidence for Consistency 14 Countries. Journal of Enviromental Psychologhy, 19(3), 255-265.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1977). Normative Influence on Altruism. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 10, 221-279.
  • Schwartz, S. H., ve Howard, J. A. (1980). Explanations of the Moderating Effect of Responsibility Denial on the Personal Norm-Behavior Relationship. Social Psychology Quarterly, 43(4), 441-446.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are There Universal Aspects in the Sructure and Contents of Human Values. Journal of Social Issues, 50(4), 19-45.
  • Steg, L., Dreijerink, L., ve Abrahamse, W. (2005). Factors Influencing the Acceptability of Energy Policies: A test of VBN Theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(4), 415-425.
  • Steg, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., Keizer, K. ve Perlaviciute, G. (2014). An integrated framework for encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: The role of values, situational factors and goals. Journal of Environmental psychology, 38, 104-115.
  • Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Abel, T., Guagnago, G. A., ve Kalof, L. (1999). A Values-Belief-Norm Theory of Support for Social Movements: The Case of Enviromentalism. Research in Human Ecology, 6(2), 81-97.
  • Stern, P. C. (2000). Toward a Coherent Theory of Environmentally Significant Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 407-424.
  • Ural, A. ve Kılıç, İ. (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi: SPSS 10.0-12.0 for Windows, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Widegren, Ö. (1998). The New Environmental Paradigm and Personal Norms. Environment and Behavior. 30(1), 75-100.
  • Van Riper, C. J. ve Kyle, G. T. (2014). Understanding the internal processes of behavioral engagement in a national park: A latent variable path analysis of the value-belief-norm theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 38, 288-297.
  • Yazıcıoğlu, Y., ve Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS applied scientific research methods. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Zhang, Y., Zhang, H. L., Zhang, J., ve Cheng, S. (2014). Predicting residents' pro-environmental behaviors at tourist sites: The role of awareness of disaster's consequences, values, and place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 131-146.