İlköğretim öğrencilerinin yazılı anlatım ve resimlerinde kültür algıları

Bireylerin kendi değer yargılarını oluşturmalarında önemli bir rolü olan kültürün toplumsal kurumlar aracılığıyla edinilmesi ve bireylerin kültürel sistemlere dahil olup sosyalleşmeleri amaçlanır. Bu süreçte ilköğretim kurumları kültür aktarımının sağlanmasında, kültürel farkındalığın yaratılmasında ve bu farkındalığın geliştirilmesinde son derece önemli bir eğitim basamağıdır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ilköğretim öğrencilerinin yazılı anlatım ve resimlerinde kültür algılarını ortaya koyma biçimlerini belirlemektir. Bu araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden sanat temeli desen aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlköğretim beşinci sınıf öğrencileriyle gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın verileri, öğrencilerin yazılı anlatımları, kültür konulu resimleri ve resimlerle ilgili yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiştir. 22 öğrencinin katıldığı araştırmanın verileri betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin kültürü, bir ulusa ya da bir millete ait olan değerlerle açıkladıkları, kültürün geçmişten günümüze gelen bir değer olduğunu ifade ettikleri görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra ilköğretim öğrencilerinin, özellikle kutlamalar/evlenme törenleri, yemekler, danslar/oyunlar, kıyafetler, spor/ata sporları, gelenekler/adetler, asker uğurlama, bayramlar ve halk kahramanları gibi kültürel ögeleri ele aldıkları ve yazılı anlatım ve resimlerinde Türk kültürünün anlatırken bu ögelerden yola çıkarak kendi kültürlerini açıkladıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

The elementary school students’ culture perceptions in their written expressions and drawings

It is intended to gain culture, which has a crucial role for individuals to set their value judgment, through social institutions and to socialize individuals by involving in cultural system. In this process, elementary education institutions are very important education step to provide culture transfer, create cultural awareness and develop this awareness. In this context, the main aim of this study is to determine the elementary school students’ ways to manifest their culture perceptions in their written expressions and pictures. Based on this aim, this study is carried out with art based inquiry which is one of qualitative research designs. The 5th grade elementary school students participated in the study and data for the study is collected through students’ written expressions, culture themed pictures, and semi-structured interviews on pictures. The data collected from 22 students was analyzed through descriptive analysis technique and the findings were presented with tables indicating frequency distributions and with direct quotations from the students. As a result of the study, it was found that students explained culture with values belonged to a nation or country and they expressed that culture is a value inherited from the past. Besides, it was obtained that the participants associated cultural components particularly such as celebrations/marriage ceremonies, dinners, dance/plays and clothes, then sport/ancestor sport, traditions/customs, ‘soldier farewell ceremony’, bairams and shows/folk heroes with society and culture they live in. Thus, it was concluded that while explaining Turkish culture, the students described their own culture in their written expressions and pictures depending on these components.

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