Sinyalize Dönel Kavşaklarda Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritması ile Sinyal Süre Optimizasyonu

“Vakit” in “Nakit” ten daha değerli olduğunu her fırsatta dile getiren insanoğlu, günlük hayatta, zamanının büyük bir bölümünü de trafikte harcamaktadır. Özellikle sinyalizasyon sistemi ile kontrol edilen kavşaklarda meydana gelen yüksek düzeyli zaman kayıpları, yakıt tüketimleri, gürültü kirlilikleri vb. psikolojik, ekonomik ve çevresel problemleri de beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Karşılaşılabilecek olası problemler ise yalnızca doğru ve güçlü bir matematiksel altyapıya sahip olan denetim stratejileri ile en aza indirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sinyalize dönel kavşakların performanslarının arttırılması amacıyla, kavşaktaki ortalama taşıt gecikmesinin minimize edilmesini hedefleyen bir sinyal süresi optimizasyonu modeli oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan modelde, fazlara ait sinyal süreleri ve devre süresi Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritması kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, modelin etkinliği, Denizli Kelleci Kardeşler Kavşağı’ndan 4 farklı zaman periyodunda toplanan gerçek trafik verileri kullanılarak VISSIM simülasyon programında test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, söz konusu model ile ortalama gecikmelerin, kavşaktaki mevcut duruma kıyasla yaklaşık %45’ e kadar azaltılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sinyalize dönel kavşak, optimizasyon, VISSIM, ortalama gecikme, diferansiyel gelişim algoritması

The Optimization of Signal Timings for Signalized Roundabouts using Differential Evolution Algorithm

Mankind who express that “Time” is more valuable than “Cash” at every turn, spend a large part of their time in traffic in daily life. Higher levels of loss of time, fuel consumption, noise pollution, etc. which occur especially at intersections controlled with the signalization system can also bring along psychological, economic and environmental problems. Possible problems that can be encountered can only be minimized by the intersection management strategy which has a correct and strong mathematical background. In this study, in order to increase the performance of signalized roundabouts, a signal timing optimization model which aims to minimize average vehicle delay at signalized roundabout is created. In created model, signal timings for each phase sequences and cycle time are optimized using Differential Evolution Algorithm. In the scope of the study, the effectiveness of the model is tested on VISSIM simulation software by using real traffic data which are collected from Denizli Kelleci Kardesler Intersection for different time durations. As a result, it was determined that the average vehicle delay at Kelleci Kardesler Intersection may be reduced up to 45% by created model comparing to current situation.

Keywords:

Signalized roundabout, optimization, VISSIM, average delay, differential evolution algorithm,

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