'Robinson' ve 'Fremont' mandarin çeşitlerinde yabancı tozlanmanın meyve verim ve kalitesine etkisi

Farklı turunçgil tür ve çeşitlerinde yapılan tozlama çalışmaları, farklı tozlayıcıların meyve tutum oranı, meyve iriliği ve meyve başına tohum sayısı üzerine etkilerinin oldukça geniş bir varyasyon gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, 'Robinson' ve 'Fremont' mandarin çeşitlerinin meyve tutumu ve bazı meyve kalite özellikleri üzerine dört farklı tozlayıcı çeşidin ('Rhode Red Valencia', 'Midknight Valencia' ve 'Valencia Late' portakalları ile 'Rio Red' altıntopu) etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemede her bir çeşit Tesadüf Parselleri Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yer almıştır. Meyve tutumu ile meyve ağırlığı, suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM) miktarı, SÇKM/Asit oranı, meyve başına tohum miktarı gibi pomolojik özellikler üzerine tozlayıcıların etkisi istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Olgunluk döneminde her iki ana ebevyn çeşidinde de en yüksek meyve tutumu sırasıyla %23.08 ve %21.57 ile 'Valencia Late' portakalı ile melezlendiğinde elde edilmiştir. 'Robinson' mandarininde en ağır meyveler 'Rhode Red Valencia' melezinden elde edilmişken, 'Fremont' mandarininde serbest tozlanma koşularında melezlemeye göre daha büyük meyveler alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, en iyi tozlayıcılar 'Robinson' mandarini için 'Rhode Red Valencia' ve 'Valencia Late' çeşitleri, Fremont mandarini için ise 'Midknight Valencia' ve 'Rio Red' çeşitleri olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yapay melezleme, Citrus reticulata, meyve tutumu, meyve kalitesi

The Effect of Cross-Pollination on Fruit Set and Quality in 'Robinson' and 'Fremont' Mandarins

Previous studies on cross-pollination of Citrus varieties have shown the existence of a wide variation in fruit set ratio, fruit size, and number of seeds per fruit with different pollinators. In the current study, the effects of four pollinator cultivars ('Rhode Red Valencia', 'Midknight Valencia', and 'Valencia Late' oranges and 'Rio Red' grapefruit) on the fruit set, and some fruit quality characters of 'Robinson' and 'Fremont' mandarin cultivars were determined. The experimental setup was a complete randomized design with three replications of each combination. The effects of cross-pollination on fruit set and pomological characters, such as fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS:TA (total acids) ratio, and number of seeds per fruit were statistically significant. At maturity, female parent cultivars’ flowers that were cross-pollinated with 'Valencia Late' orange, had the highest fruit set with 23.08% and 21.57%, respectively. The heaviest fruits of 'Robinson' mandarin were obtained by cross-pollination with 'Rhode Red Valencia' orange. Avarege fruit weight from open-pollinated was higher than those from cross-pollination in 'Fremont' mandarin. According to the results, 'Rhode Red Valencia' and 'Valencia Late' oranges for 'Robinson' mandarin and 'Midknight Valencia' orange, and 'Rio Red' grapefruit for Fremont mandarin, were determined as the best crossings.

Keywords:

Artificial cross-pollination, Citrus reticulata, fruit set, quality,

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