X ve Y KUŞAĞININ LİDERLİK DAVRANIŞI AÇISINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Son dönemlerde yönetim yazınında etkili olan kavramlardan birisi de kuşaklarda meydana gelen değişimlerdir. Popüler yönetim magazinleri kuşakların farklılaşmasına vurgu yaparken akademik dergiler ise bu kavramın bilimsel olarak ispatlanmadığını ve yönetimde moda olan geçici bir konu olmanın ötesinde bir özellik taşımadığını ifade etmektedir. Bu görüşü savunanlar öncelikle insanları yaş gibi bir kritere göre sınıflara ayırarak, belirli şekillerde davranmalarını beklemenin insanları belirtmektedir. Bunun ise yöneticilerin kolaya kaçmasından başka bir şey olmadığını ifade etmektedirler. Ayrıca insanların verdikleri birçok tepkinin kişinin yaşına bağlı tepkiler olduğu ve Y kuşağındaki bir kişinin yaşlandıkça verecekleri tepkilerinin değişebileceğini belirtmektedirler. Bu görüş farklılığından hareketle bu çalışmada, öncelikle X ve Y kuşağının temel özellikleri detaylı olarak ortaya konmuş ve liderlik davranışları açısından iki kuşak arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığı ampirik bir çalışma ile araştırılmıştır. Araştırma, Çorum’da kamu ve özel sektörde görev yapan 173 yönetici ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ankete katılan kişi sayısı, genelleme yapmaya olanak verecek düzeyde olmamakla birlikte X ve Y kuşaklarının liderlik davranışları açısından herhangi bir farklılık taşımadığı görülmüştür. Bu yönüyle araştırma sonuçlarının ikinci gruptaki görüşleri destekler nitelikte olduğu ifade edilebilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

X Kuşağı, Y Kuşağı, Liderlik Davranışı

COMPARISON of LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOUR GEN XERS and GENERATION Y

Recently one of the concepts that have effect on management literature is the differentiation in generations. While the popular management magazines emphasize the differentiation of generations; academic journals state that the subject is not proved scientifically and it can be only a fashion concept in management. People who advocate this opinion have expressed primarily the separation into classes based on criteria such as age, and expect them to behave in certain ways is to break the stereotypes of people. This means taking the easy way out for managers. They also noted that many people giving their reaction depends on the age of the person, and the response of a person in the Generation Y may change with age. The movement from this view differs, this study primarily set out in detail the main features of Generation Y, and then it was investigated whether there is a difference between Generation X and Generation Y in terms of leadership behavior. The study was conducted with 173 managers working in the public and private sectors in Çorum. Although the number of people who participated in the survey is not enough to generalize, no differences were detected between Generation X and Generation Y in terms of the leadership behavior in this study. In this respect, it can be stated that the results of the study support the claims of the second group

Keywords:

Generation X, Generation Y, Leadership Behavior,

PDF

___

Advisers, T. C. (2014, October). 15 Economic Facts About Millennials. 10 10, 1015 tarihinde the White House: https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/ millennials_report.pdf adresinden alındı
Arslan, A., & Staub, S. (2015). Kuşak Teorisi ve İçgirişimcilik Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(11).
Atkinson, C. M. (2011, Summer). Examining Differences in Work-life Balance, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Learning Goal Orientation in Baby Boomers and Generation Xers.
Aydın, G. Ç., & Başol, O. (2014, Aralık). X ve Y Kuşağı: Çalışmanın Anlamında Bir Değişme Var mı? Electronic Journal of Vocational Colleges, s. 1-15.
Baltaş, A. (2015). Y Kuşağı: Onların Dünyadan, Dünyanın Onlardan Beklentileri. 12 13, 2015 tarihinde Baltaş Grubu: İnsan ve Değişimi: http://www.baltasgrubu. com/Makaleler/y-kusagi-onlarin-dunyadan-dunyaninonlardan-beklentileri.html adresinden alındı
Barnes, G. (2009). Guess Who’s Coming to Work: Generation Y. Are You Readys for Them. Public Library Quarterly(28), 58-64.
Barnes, K., Marateo, R. C., & Ferris, S. P. (2007, April/ May). Teaching and Learning with the Net Generation. Innovate: Journal of Online Education, 3(4), s. 1-8.
Black, A. (2010, Winter). Gen Y: Who They Are and How They Learn. Educational Horizons, 92-101.
Coleman, A. (2014). Will Generation Y Make Good Leaders? 11 30, 2015 tarihinde https://www.i-l-m.com/ Insight/Edge/2014/October/Will-Generation-Y-makegood-leaders adresinden alındı
Constanza, D. P., Badger, J. M., Fraser, R. L., Severt, J. B., & Gade, P. A. (2012). Generational Differences in WorkRelated Attitudes: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Business Psychology, 27, s. 375-394.
Cramer, R. (2014). Millennials Rising: Coming of Age in the Wake of the Great Recession. 09 14, 2015 tarihinde https://www.newamerica.org/downloads/Millennials_ Rising_Coming_of_Age_in_the_Wake_of_the_Great_ Recession.pdf adresinden alındı
Deloitte. (2015, Ocak). Deloitte Y Kuşağı Araştırması 2015. 11 23, 2015 tarihinde http://www2.deloitte.com/: http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/ Documents/human-capital/millennialsurvey_2015_ tr.pdf adresinden alındı
Demirkaya, H., Akdemiz, A., Karaman, E., & Atan, Ö. (2015). Kuşakların Yönetim Politikası Beklentilerinin Araştırılması. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 157-197.
Devine, J. (2010). Five Myths and Realities About Generation Y. eCULTURE, 3(14).
Ekvall, G., & Arvonen, J. (1991). Change-Centered Leadership: An Extentsion of the Two-Dimensional Model. Scand J. Mgımt, 7(1), 17-26.
Emeagwali, S. (2011, May). Leading the Charge for Change. Techniques, 23-26.
Ferreira, W. (2013). Intergenerational Issues:Effective Communication. 09 13, 2015 tarihinde https://www. nabenet.org: https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nabenet. org/resource/collection/C3D852FF-77F3-40C5- 8D67-8C97D80CCD33/2013CSE_Intergen_Issues.pdf adresinden alındı
Giancola, F. (2006). The Generation Gap: More Myth Than Reality? Human Resource Planning, 29(4), 32-37.
Giang, V. (2013). 3 Traits Shared By Gen Y Leaders. 11 30, 2015 tarihinde Business Insider: http://www. businessinsider.com/3-traits-shared-by-gen-yleaders-2013-9 adresinden alındı
Gürbüz, S. (2015, April). Kuşak Farklılıkları: Mit mi, Gerçek mi? İş ve İnsan Dergisi/ The Journal of Human and Work, 2(1), s. 39-57.
Hartman, J., Moskal, P., & Dziuban, C. (2005). Preparing the Academy of Today for the Learner of Tommorrow. D. G. Oblinger, & J. L. Oblinger (Dü) içinde, Educating the Net Generation.
Holt, S., Marques, J., & Way, D. (2012). Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 9(6), s. 81-95.
Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000). The Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation. New York : Vintage Books. Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2003). Characteristics of the Millennial Generation. 10 10, 2015 tarihinde Rice Unconventional Wisdom: https://students.rice.edu/ images/students/AADV/OWeek2008AADVResources/ Characteristics%20of%20the%20Millenial%20 Generation.pdf adresinden alındı
Huichun, Y., & Miller , P. (2005). Leadership Style: the X Generation and Baby Boomers Compared in Different Cultural Context. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 35-50.
İSMMMO. (2013). Türkiye’nin Yaratıcı Geleceği/ Y Kuşağı. İstanbul Serbest Muhasebeciler ve Mali Müşavirler Odası.
Keeling, S. (2003, Spring& Fall). Advising the Millennial Generation. NACADA Journal, 23(1&2), s. 30-36.
Keyt, A. (2015). Myts and Mortals: Family Business Leadership and Succession Planning. New Jersey: Wiley.
Koç, M., Oztürk, L., & Yıldırım, A. (2016). A Study on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of X and Y Generation. Research Journal of Business Management, 3(2).
Levickaitė, R. (2010). Generatıons X, Y, Z: How Socıal Networks Form The Concept Of The World Wıthout Borders (The Case Of Lıthuanıa). Limes, 3(2), 170-184.
Levy, L., Carroll, B., Francoeur, J., & Logue, M. (2005). The Generation Mirage: A Pilot Study into the Perceptions of Leadership by Generation X and Y. 12 03, 2015 tarihinde EEO TRUSt: http://www.eeotrust.org.nz/ content/Research/Leadership%20generation%20X%20 and%20Y.pdf adresinden alındı
Loomis, J. E. (2000, September). Generation X. RoughNotes, 142(9), 52-53.
Mainnheim, K. (1952). Problem of Generations. P. Kecskemeti (Dü.) içinde, Essays on the Sociology (Cilt 5, s. 276-322). New York: Routledge.
Marston, C. (2007). Motivating The “What’s In It Form Me?” Workforce: Manage Across the Generational Divide and Increasde Profits. New Jersey: John Wiley&Sons Inc. .
Michaelsen, L. K., Fink, L. D., & Knight, A. (1997). Designing Effective Group Activities: Lessons for Classroom Teaching and Faculty Development. (D. DeZre, Dü.) To: Improve the Academy: Resources for Faculty, Instructional and Organizational Development, 16, 373-397.
Mory, S. M. (2012 ). Meet the Millenials. USC Alumni Leadership Conference. University of Sothern California.
Ng, E. S., Schweitzer, L., & Lyons, S. T. (2010, June). New Generation, Great Expectations: A Field Study of the Millennial Generation. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25, s. 281-292.
Pilcher, J. (1994, September). Mannheim’s Sociology of Generations: An Undervalued Legacy. British Journal of Sociolgy, 45(3), 481-496.
Pinder, T., & Groscurth, C. R. (tarih yok). 10 15, 2015 tarihinde Center for Resarch on Learning and Teaching: http://www.crlt.umich.edu/sites/default/files/ resource_files/CRLT_no26.pdf adresinden alındı
Rodriguez, R. O., Green, M. T., & Ree, M. J. (2003). Leading Generation X: Do Old Rules Apply. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 9(4), s. 67-78.
Ron, Z., Raines, C., & Filipczak, B. (2013). Generation at Work: Managing the Clash of Boomers, Gen Xers, and Gen Yers in the Workplace. Amacom.
Stasior, J. R. (2013). Reethinking Assesment: Understanding How the Millennial Genaration Learns in the College Clasroom. Pedogogy and the Human Sciences, 1(3), 34-51.
Swantee, O. (2013). The 3 Characteristic of Tomorrow’s Leaders. 11 30, 2015 tarihinde Linkedin: https://www. linkedin.com/pulse/20130919083358-206751421-the3-characteristics-of-tomorrow-s-leaders adresinden alındı
TDK. (tarih yok). 09 13, 2015 tarihinde http:// www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_ gts&kelime=KU%C5%9EAK adresinden alındı
Topçuoğlu, C. M. (2005, Ağustos). İyi de kim bu Y›ler? - Youblisher. 09 14, 2014 tarihinde http://www.youblisher. com/p/290772-Please-Add-a-Title/ adresinden alındı TUİK. (2015). 11 26, 2015 tarihinde https://biruni.tuik. gov.tr/bolgeselistatistik/tabloOlustur.do# adresinden alındı
Wikipedia. (n.d.). Strauss–Howe Generational Theory. Retrieved 03 31, 2017, from Wikipedia: https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strauss%E2%80%93Howe_ generational_theory
Wikipedia. (tarih yok). The Theory of Generation. 04 23, 2017 tarihinde https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_ of_generations adresinden alındı
Wilson, J. L. (2008 , Fall). The Millennials: Getting to Know Our Current Genaration of Student. The International Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, s. 1-12.
Wilson, M., & Gerber, L. E. (2008, Fall). How Generational Theory Can Improve Teaching: Strategies for Working with “Milllenials”. Currents in Teaching and Learning, 1(1), 29-44.
Wong, M., Gardiner, E., & Coulon, L. (2008, February). Generational Differences in Personality and Motivation: Do They Exist and What Are the Implications for the Workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8), s. 878-890.
Yahr, M. A., & Schimmel, K. (2013). Comparing Current Students to a pre-Millennial Generation: Are Really Diffrent? Research in Higher Education Journal, s. 1-8.
Yu, H., & Miller, P. (2005). Leadership Style: the X Generation and Baby Boomers Compared in Diffrent Culturel Contexts. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 26(1), s. 35-50.
Yüksekbilgili, Z. (2013). Türk Tipi Y Kuşağı. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(45), 342-353.